Abstract: Over the last decades, joint arthroplasty has become a successful treatment for joint disease. Nowadays, with a growing demand and increasingly younger and active patients accepting these approaches, orthopedic surgeons are seeking implants with improved mechanical behavior and longer life span. However, aseptic loosening as a result of wear debris from implants is considered to be the main cause of long-term implant failure. Previous studies have neatly illustrated the role of micrometric wear particles in the pathological mechanisms underlying aseptic loosening. Recent osteoimmunologic insights into aseptic loosening highlight the important and heretofore underrepresented contribution of nanometric orthopedic wear particles. The present review updates the characteristics of metallic and ceramic nanoparticles generated after prosthesis implantation and summarizes the current understanding of their hazardous effects on peri-prosthetic cells.

Keywords: nanoparticles, joint arthroplasty, osteoblasts, osteoclasts, macrophages, mesenchymal stem cells


中文翻译：

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骨关节置换植入物对金属和陶瓷纳米颗粒的局部细胞反应

摘要：在过去的几十年中，关节置换术已成为治疗关节疾病的成功方法。如今，随着需求的增长以及越来越年轻和活跃的患者接受这些方法，整形外科医生正在寻求具有改善的机械行为和更长寿命的植入物。但是，由于植入物磨损而导致的无菌性松动被认为是造成长期植入物失效的主要原因。先前的研究巧妙地说明了微米级磨损颗粒在无菌性松动的病理机制中的作用。最近对无菌松动的骨免疫学见解突出了纳米整形外科磨损颗粒的重要作用，但迄今未被充分代表。

关键词：纳米颗粒，关节置换术，成骨细胞，破骨细胞，巨噬细胞，间充质干细胞