Herein, we report the cooperative self-assembly of nanoparticles and block copolymers at the air–water interface, which can generate highly uniform and readily transferable composite films with tunable nanoscale architecture and functionalities. Interestingly, the incorporation of nanoparticles significantly affects the self-assembly of block copolymers at the interface. The nanoparticle-induced morphology change occurs through distinct mechanisms depending on the volume fraction of the hydrophobic block. For block copolymers with a relatively small hydrophobic volume fraction, the morphology transition occurs through the nanoparticle-induced swelling of a selective block. When the hydrophobic volume fraction is large enough, added nanoparticles promote the breath figure assembly, which generates uniform honeycomb-like porous structures with unusual nanoscale periodicity. This approach is generally applicable to various types of nanoparticles, constituting a simple one-step method to porous thin films with various functionalities.

中文翻译：

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纳米颗粒诱导的嵌段共聚物在空气-水界面处自组装成纳米多孔膜。

本文中，我们报道了纳米颗粒和嵌段共聚物在空气-水界面的协同自组装，可以产生具有均一的纳米级结构和功能的高度均匀且易于转移的复合膜。有趣的是，纳米颗粒的掺入会显着影响嵌段共聚物在界面处的自组装。纳米颗粒诱导的形态变化是通过不同的机理发生的，具体取决于疏水嵌段的体积分数。对于疏水体积分数相对较小的嵌段共聚物，通过纳米颗粒诱导的选择性嵌段的溶胀发生形态转变。当疏水体积分数足够大时，添加的纳米颗粒会促进呼吸图的组装，产生具有异常纳米级周期性的均匀蜂窝状多孔结构。该方法通常适用于各种类型的纳米颗粒，构成了具有多种功能的多孔薄膜的简单一步法。