The administration of an oral probiotic has been demonstrated to impact oral microbial diversity in humans but has not been examined in canines. The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that oral probiotic administration would impact the oral microbiota of canines compared to control. Working canines in training (n = 13) were assigned to Test or Control groups and acclimated to one of three commercially available study diets utilizing common protein sources (Purina Pro Plan Savor lamb, Purina Pro Plan Sport chicken, Purina Pro Plan Focus salmon) for a minimum of 30 days prior to initiation of the study. Following acclimation, dogs in the Test group began a daily regimen of oral probiotic (Fortiflora® Purina, St. Louis, MO) top-dressed on their midday feeding. Control dogs received their midday feeding with no probiotic. All dogs were sampled once weekly via oral pediatric swabs across the 7-week study. Next generation sequencing (Illumina, MiSeq) was utilized to develop microbial profiles specific to treatment, diet, and time. Bacterial composition was dominated by eight phyla (Proteobacteria 43.8%, Bacteroidetes 22.5%, Firmicutes 18.9%, Actinobacteria 6.1%, Fusobacteria 3.6%, Gracilibacteria 2.1%, SR1 Absconditabacteria 1.5%, and Saccharibacteria 1.3%) representing more than 99% of the relative abundance of the microbial composition. Probiotic administration failed to impact relative abundance at any taxonomic level (P > 0.05). Similarly, no effect on the oral microbiota was measured for diet (P > 0.05). Comparison using a Jaccard Index demonstrate a consistent microbial profile over the 7-week study with no impact evidenced by study week (P = 0.19). The data also revealed a profile of ubiquitous taxa that were present across all dogs and all samples regardless of breed, sex, diet, treatment or other factors. These genera include Actinomyces, Corynebacterium, Capnocytophaga, Flavobacterium, Gemella, Abiotrophia, Streptococcus, and Frederiksenia. These data demonstrate the stability of canine oral microbiota over time.

已经证明口服益生菌的施用会影响人类口腔微生物的多样性，但尚未在犬中进行检查。这项研究的目的是检验与对照相比，口服益生菌会影响犬口腔微生物群的假说。训练中的工作犬（ñ= 13）被分为测试组或对照组，并适应了使用普通蛋白质来源的三种市售研究饮食之一（Purina Pro Plan美味羊肉，Purina Pro Plan Sport鸡，Purina Pro Plan Focus鲑鱼），至少提前30天开始研究。适应后，测试组中的狗开始在中午喂食前口服口服益生菌（Fortiflora®Purina，密苏里州圣路易斯）。对照犬在无益生菌的情况下接受中午喂养。在为期7周的研究中，每周通过儿科棉签对所有狗进行一次采样。利用下一代测序（Illumina，MiSeq）来开发特定于治疗，饮食和时间的微生物谱。细菌组成主要由8个门决定（Proteobacteria 43.8％，Bacteroidetes 22.5％，Firmicutes 18.9％，Actinobacteria 6.1％，梭菌3.6％，葡萄杆菌2.1％，SR1 Absconditabacteria 1.5％和蔗糖1.3％）占微生物组成相对丰度的99％以上。益生菌的给药在任何分类学水平上都不会影响相对丰度（P> 0.05）。同样，饮食对口腔微生物没有影响（P> 0.05）。使用Jaccard指数进行的比较表明，在7周的研究中，微生物的特性是一致的，研究周没有发现影响（P= 0.19）。数据还揭示了所有犬类和所有样品中都存在的普遍存在的分类单元，而与品种，性别，饮食，治疗或其他因素无关。这些属包括放线菌，棒状杆菌，Capnocytophaga，黄杆菌，双歧杆菌，Atrotrophia，链球菌和Frederiksenia。这些数据证明了犬口腔微生物群随时间的稳定性。