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Exosomes from different cells: characteristics, modifications, and therapeutic applications
European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry ( IF 6.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-11 , DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112784
Mingyuan Li , Shuangshuang Li , Chunyang Du , Yinan Zhang , Yuan Li , Liqiang Chu , Xiao Han , Hervé Galons , Yongmin Zhang , Hua Sun , Peng Yu

Exosomes are cystic vesicles secreted by living cells with a phospholipid bilayer membrane. Importantly, these vesicles could serve to carry lipids, proteins, genetic materials, and transmit biological information in vivo. The cell-specific proteins and genetic materials in exosomes are capable of reflecting their cell origin and physiological status. Based on the different tissues and cells (macrophage, dendritic cells, tumor cells, mesenchymal stem cells, various body fluids, and so on), exosomes exhibit different characteristics and functions. Furthermore, owing to their high delivery efficiency, biocompatibility, and multifunctional properties, exosomes are expected to become a new means of drug delivery, disease diagnosis, immunotherapy, and precise treatment. At the same time, in order to supplement or enhance the therapeutic applicability of exosomes, chemical or biological modifications can be used to broaden, change or improve their therapeutic capabilities. This review focuses on three aspects: the characteristics and original functions of exosomes secreted by different cells, the modification and transformation of exosomes, and the application of exosomes in different diseases.



中文翻译:

来自不同细胞的外泌体:特征,修饰和治疗应用

外来体是具有磷脂双层膜的活细胞分泌的囊性囊泡。重要的是,这些囊泡可用于携带脂质,蛋白质,遗传物质,并在体内传播生物学信息。外泌体中的细胞特异性蛋白质和遗传物质能够反映其细胞起源和生理状态。根据不同的组织和细胞(巨噬细胞,树突状细胞,肿瘤细胞,间充质干细胞,各种体液等),外泌体表现出不同的特征和功能。此外,由于它们的高递送效率,生物相容性和多功能特性,外泌体有望成为药物递送,疾病诊断,免疫疗法和精确治疗的新手段。同时,为了补充或增强外泌体的治疗适用性,可以使用化学或生物学修饰来拓宽,改变或改善其治疗能力。这篇评论集中在三个方面:

更新日期:2020-09-11
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