This study draws the link between COVID-19 and air pollution (ground ozone O₃) from February 29, 2020 to July 10, 2020 in the top 10 affected States of the US. Utilizing quantile-on-quantile (QQ) estimation technique, we examine in what manner the quantiles of COVID-19 affect the quantiles of air pollution and vice versa. The primary findings confirm overall dependence between COVID-19 and air pollution. Empirical results exhibit a strong negative effect of COVID-19 on air pollution in New York, Texas, Illinois, Massachusetts, and Pennsylvania; especially at medium to higher quantiles, while New Jersey, Illinois, Arizona, and Georgia show strong negative effect mainly at lower quantiles. Contrarily, COVID-19 positively affects air pollution in Pennsylvania at extreme lower quantiles. On the other side, air pollution predominantly caused to increase in the intensity of COVID-19 cases across all states except lower quantiles of Massachusetts, and extreme higher quantiles of Arizona and New Jersey, where this effect becomes less pronounced or negative. Concludingly, a rare positive fallout of COVID-19 is reducing environmental pressure, while higher environmental pollution causes to increase the vulnerability of COVID-19 cases. These findings imply that air pollution is at the heart of chronic diseases, therefore the state government should consider these asymmetric channels and introduce appropriate policy measures to reset and control atmospheric emissions.

这项研究得出了 COVID-19 与空气污染（地面臭氧 O ₃) 从 2020 年 2 月 29 日到 2020 年 7 月 10 日，在美国受影响最大的 10 个州。利用分位数对分位数 (QQ) 估计技术，我们检查 COVID-19 的分位数以何种方式影响空气污染的分位数，反之亦然。主要发现证实了 COVID-19 与空气污染之间的总体依赖性。实证结果表明，COVID-19 对纽约、德克萨斯、伊利诺伊、马萨诸塞和宾夕法尼亚的空气污染产生了强烈的负面影响；尤其是在中高分位数，而新泽西州、伊利诺伊州、亚利桑那州和乔治亚州主要在低分位数表现出强烈的负面影响。相反，COVID-19 以极低的分位数对宾夕法尼亚州的空气污染产生积极影响。另一方面，空气污染主要导致所有州 COVID-19 病例的强度增加，除了马萨诸塞州的较低分位数以及亚利桑那州和新泽西州的极高分位数，这种影响变得不那么明显或负面。最后，COVID-19 罕见的积极影响正在减轻环境压力，而较高的环境污染导致 COVID-19 病例的脆弱性增加。这些发现表明，空气污染是慢性病的核心，因此州政府应考虑这些不对称的渠道，并采取适当的政策措施来重置和控制大气排放。COVID-19 罕见的积极影响正在减轻环境压力，而较高的环境污染导致 COVID-19 病例的脆弱性增加。这些发现表明，空气污染是慢性病的核心，因此州政府应考虑这些不对称的渠道，并采取适当的政策措施来重置和控制大气排放。COVID-19 罕见的积极影响正在减轻环境压力，而较高的环境污染导致 COVID-19 病例的脆弱性增加。这些发现表明，空气污染是慢性病的核心，因此州政府应考虑这些不对称的渠道，并采取适当的政策措施来重置和控制大气排放。