Bacillus Calmette–Guerin (BCG) is an established vaccine used for tuberculosis (TB) prevention; however, it is not effective in adults and is only protective for children’s extrapulmonary TB. Therefore, many efforts have focused on producing effective TB vaccines for adults. One promising approach is DNA vaccination because of its ability to elicit both humoral and cellular immune responses, low cost, rapid production, desirable stability, and efficient protection against several infectious diseases. Nanoparticle (NP)-based systems can also enhance the immunogenicity of DNA vaccines by protecting naked plasmid DNA from nucleases and improving its delivery to immune cells. In this review, we focus on the design and delivery of novel DNA-based vaccines against TB and summarize investigations on specific mycobacterial antigens and chimeric combinations in animal models.

卡介苗芽孢杆菌（Bacillus Calmette–Guerin）（BCG）是一种用于预防肺结核（TB）的成熟疫苗；但是，它对成人无效，仅对儿童的肺外结核具有保护作用。因此，许多努力集中在为成年人生产有效的结核病疫苗上。一种有前途的方法是DNA疫苗接种，因为它具有引起体液和细胞免疫应答，低成本，快速生产，理想的稳定性以及对几种传染病的有效保护的能力。基于纳米粒子（NP）的系统还可以通过保护裸露的质粒DNA免受核酸酶的侵害并改善其向免疫细胞的传递来增强DNA疫苗的免疫原性。在这篇评论中