In this paper, we focus on the interfacial properties, relative volume change, and PVT behavior of CO₂ and CH₄ in (w/ho) emulsions, which is encountered in heavy oil reservoirs during secondary recovery methods such as water or steam injection. We generated the water-in-heavy-oil (w/ho) emulsion using steam at 150 °C for two types of oils (27,000 cP and 4351 cP). Next, the stability of our emulsion was tested using different criteria such as phase separation, viscosity of the produced emulsion compared with that of the starting oil, and the size and number of water droplets in the continuous medium. The influence of water content in the emulsion was found to be critical and thus subsequent surface tension (SF) and relative volume measurements as well as PVT analyses were conducted using emulsions of different water contents with a vol.% range from 10 to 70. SF and volume measurements indicate the existence of critical water content which dramatically changes the behavior of the system; generally, emulsions with water content below this critical value exhibit lower SF than the original oil, and the SF falls steadily as the water content increases. The trend is reversed when the water content exceeds the critical value and SF starts increasing before it stabilizes. This process happens when the water content reaches a vol.% higher than 50; however, it remains below that of the original oil. Volume ratio increases as pressure increases regardless of water content. For experiments run with CO₂, data suggests that water content affects the rate of expansion, but ultimately the final volume ratio remains the same.

在本文中，我们关注于CO ₂和CH ₄的界面性质，相对体积变化和PVT行为。（w / ho）乳液中的油，这是在二次采油方法（例如注水或注蒸汽）期间在重油储层中遇到的。我们使用150°C的蒸汽对两种类型的油（27,000 cP和4351 cP）生成了油包水（w / ho）乳液。接下来，我们使用不同的标准测试了乳液的稳定性，例如相分离，制得的乳液与起始油相比的粘度以及连续介质中水滴的大小和数量。发现乳液中水含量的影响至关重要，因此使用体积分数为10至70的不同水分含量的乳液进行后续的表面张力（SF）和相对体积测量以及PVT分析。SF和体积测量表明存在临界水含量，这会极大地改变系统的性能；通常，水含量低于该临界值的乳液显示出比原始油更低的SF，并且随着水含量的增加，SF稳定下降。当水含量超过临界值并且SF在稳定之前就开始增加时，趋势就会逆转。当含水量达到高于50的vol。％时，就会发生此过程；但是，它仍然低于原始油的价格。体积比随压力的增加而增加，与含水量无关。对于使用CO进行的实验 当水含量超过临界值并且SF在稳定之前就开始增加时，趋势就会逆转。当含水量达到高于50的vol。％时，就会发生此过程；但是，它仍然低于原始油的价格。体积比随压力的增加而增加，与含水量无关。对于使用CO进行的实验 当水含量超过临界值并且SF在稳定之前就开始增加时，趋势就会逆转。当含水量达到高于50的vol。％时，就会发生此过程；但是，它仍然低于原始油的价格。体积比随压力的增加而增加，与含水量无关。对于使用CO进行的实验_{如图2所示}，数据表明水含量影响膨胀率，但最终最终体积比保持不变。