Decision-making during critical outbreak management may require standard strategies, but also more creative ones. Our goal was to characterize the expert decision processes that take place during critical situations, where rule-based strategies and usual procedures cannot be satisfactorily applied. More specifically, we focused on the strategies experts use to deal with epidemiological problems, depending on the complexity of the situation. To this end, we carried out a simulated outbreak alert, to place two experts in a situation of epidemiological problem management, based on usual practice but also conducive to implementing creative solutions. To analyze the data, we considered not only the relevance of the solutions proposed by the experts, but also the four creativity criteria defined by Torrance (fluency, flexibility, elaboration and originality). Results allowed us to identify similarities but also differences between the solutions proposed by the experts, depending on their level of experience in this area.

关键疫情管理期间的决策可能需要标准策略，但也需要更具创造性的策略。我们的目标是描述在危急情况下发生的专家决策过程，在这种情况下，基于规则的策略和常规程序无法令人满意地应用。更具体地说，我们专注于专家用于处理流行病学问题的策略，具体取决于情况的复杂性。为此，我们进行了模拟爆发警报，将两名专家置于流行病学问题管理的情况下，基于惯例但也有利于实施创造性的解决方案。为了分析数据，我们不仅考虑了专家提出的解决方案的相关性，还考虑了 Torrance 定义的四个创造力标准（流畅性、灵活性、精心制作和独创性）。结果使我们能够根据专家在该领域的经验水平，确定专家提出的解决方案之间的相似之处和不同之处。