Lithium-rich layered oxide (LLO) cathode materials have drawn extensive attention due to their ultrahigh specific capacity and energy density. However, their commercialization is still restricted by their low initial coulombic efficiency, slow intrinsic kinetics and structural instability. Herein, a facile surface treatment strategy via gaseous phosphine was designed to improve the rate performance and capacity stability of LLOs. During the solid-gas reaction, phosphine reacted with active oxygen at the surface of LLOs due to its reductivity, forming oxygen vacancies and spinel phase at the surface region. As a result, Li ion conductivity and structural stability were greatly enhanced. The phosphinetreated LLOs (LLO@P) showed a layered-spinel hybrid structure and delivered an outstanding rate performance of 156.7 mA h g⁻¹ at 10 C and a high capacity retention of 74% after 300 cycles at 5 C.

富锂层状氧化物（LLO）阴极材料因其超高的比容量和能量密度而备受关注。然而，它们的商业化仍然受到其初始库仑效率低，内在动力学慢和结构不稳定的限制。在这里，一种简便的表面处理策略是通过气态磷化氢旨在提高LLO的速率性能和容量稳定性。在固气反应过程中，磷化氢由于其还原性而与LLO表面的活性氧反应，从而在表面区域形成氧空位和尖晶石相。结果，锂离子电导率和结构稳定性大大提高。经膦化处理的LLO（LLO @ P）显示出层状-尖晶石杂化结构，并在10 C下提供了156.7 mA hg ^-1的出色速率性能，在5 C下经过300次循环后具有74％的高容量保持率。