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FEL Simulation of New Hard X-ray Undulator Line at PAL-XFEL
Journal of the Korean Physical Society ( IF 0.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-01 , DOI: 10.3938/jkps.77.429
Chi Hyun Shim , Heung-Sik Kang

The Pohang Accelerator Laboratory X-ray Free Electron Laser (PAL-XFEL) has been successfully operating as a remarkably-stable XFEL facility in the world. The hard X-ray beamline, however, has only one undulator line (HX1) with a 26-mm undulator period for which the maximum undulator parameter K is 1.87. The lowest photon energy that can be generated from the HX1 with a maximum electron beam energy at PAL-XFEL (10.5 GeV) is about 14.65 keV. When a lower photon energy than that is required by the beamline users, the electron beam energy has to be decreased, which results in a decreased accessible FEL pulse energy. Therefore, a new hard X-ray undulator line (HX2) with a higher undulator parameter K is needed to make full use of the PAL-XFEL performance in the lower photon energies by increasing the resonant electron beam energy. The undulator period of the HX2 is decided as 35 mm by using Ming Xie’s fitting formula to estimate the performance of the HX2. FEL simulations with the GENESIS code are carried out to evaluate the performance of the HX2, including the effect of the post-saturation region. The undulator tapering configuration is optimized by maximizing the FEL intensity for each case. We show that the radiation power at the end of the HX2 can be increased up to 2.5 times higher than that of the HX1 over the entire target photon-energy range of the HX2 (2 ∼ 10 keV) by utilizing an undulator with a longer period and a higher undulator parameter K.

中文翻译:

PAL-XFEL 新硬 X 射线波荡器线的 FEL 模拟

浦项加速器实验室 X 射线自由电子激光器 (PAL-XFEL) 已作为世界上非常稳定的 XFEL 设施成功运行。然而,硬 X 射线束线只有一条波荡器线 (HX1),波荡器周期为 26 毫米,其最大波荡器参数 K 为 1.87。在 PAL-XFEL (10.5 GeV) 处,具有最大电子束能量的 HX1 可以产生的最低光子能量约为 14.65 keV。当光子能量低于束线用户所需的光子能量时,必须降低电子束能量,从而导致可访问的 FEL 脉冲能量降低。因此,需要一种具有更高波动器参数 K 的新硬 X 射线波动器线(HX2),以通过增加共振电子束能量来充分利用较低光子能量下的 PAL-XFEL 性能。HX2的波动周期确定为35mm,采用谢明拟合公式估算HX2的性能。使用 GENESIS 代码进行 FEL 模拟以评估 HX2 的性能,包括饱和后区域的影响。通过最大化每种情况的 FEL 强度来优化波动器锥形配置。我们表明,在 HX2 的整个目标光子能量范围(2 ∼ 10 keV)上,通过使用更长周期的波荡器,HX2 末端的辐射功率可以比 HX1 高 2.5 倍。和更高的波动参数 K。包括饱和后区域的影响。通过最大化每种情况的 FEL 强度来优化波动器锥形配置。我们表明,在 HX2 的整个目标光子能量范围(2 ∼ 10 keV)上,通过使用更长周期的波荡器,HX2 末端的辐射功率可以比 HX1 高 2.5 倍。和更高的波动参数 K。包括饱和后区域的影响。通过最大化每种情况的 FEL 强度来优化波动器锥形配置。我们表明,在 HX2 的整个目标光子能量范围(2 ∼ 10 keV)上,通过使用更长周期的波荡器,HX2 末端的辐射功率可以比 HX1 高 2.5 倍。和更高的波动参数 K。
更新日期:2020-09-01
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