In this work, we report the dielectric study of erbium niobate ceramic synthesised by the sol–gel method. X-ray diffraction patterns confirmed the presence of monoclinic ErNbO₄, even at the lowest heat-treatment temperature. The frequency dependence dielectric study shows that the value of the dielectric constant, particularly at lower frequencies, is highly influenced by the secondary phase. Impedance spectroscopy analyses revealed a non-Debye relaxation phenomenon in the sample heat-treated at 800 °C. The Nyquist plot from the complex impedance spectrum showed only one semicircular arc, representing the grain effect in the electrical conduction. The modulus mechanism also indicates the non-Debye type of relaxation in the material, which is supported by impedance data, and confirms that the relaxation process is due to short-range motion of charge carriers. Relaxation times, extracted using the imaginary parts of complex impedance and modulus, were found to follow the Arrhenius law. The thermal evolution of the conductivity of the grains also presents an Arrhenius-type behaviour, revealing that charge carriers have to overcome different energy barriers while conducting and relaxing.

在这项工作中，我们报告了通过溶胶-凝胶法合成的铌酸铌陶瓷的介电研究。X射线衍射图证实了单斜晶ErNbO ₄的存在，即使在最低的热处理温度下也是如此。频率相关的介电研究表明，介电常数的值（尤其是在较低频率下）受次级相的影响很大。阻抗谱分析显示在800°C热处理的样品中存在非德拜弛豫现象。复阻抗谱的奈奎斯特图仅显示一个半圆弧，表示电导中的晶粒效应。模量机制还表明了材料中的非德拜弛豫类型，这由阻抗数据支持，并确认了弛豫过程是由于电荷载流子的短程运动引起的。发现使用复数阻抗和模量的虚部提取的弛豫时间遵循阿伦尼乌斯定律。