Abstract In the context of scientific realism, this paper intends to provide a formal and accurate description of the structural-based ontology posited by classical mechanics, quantum mechanics and special relativity, which is preserved across the empirical domains of these theories and explain their successful predictions. Along the lines of ontic structural realism, such a description is undertaken by a particular ontological commitment: the belief in the existence of a freestanding actual structure, approximately represented by a subgroup of the Inhomogeneous Symplectic Group (up to group homomorphisms), and their corresponding state-space representations. Accordingly, the hierarchy and the complexity of this group-theoretical structure is represented by appropriate philosophical tools, namely, by the language of partial structures. Upon this approach, the lack of knowledge of some relations that hold at the boundary between mathematics and physics, and the presence of surplus structure within the structural edifice are explored and represented. The conclusive issue appeals to an interesting example of a surplus but fruitful structure, where superposition of states with different mass are suggested to be actual relativistic remnants within non-relativistic quantum mechanics, as opposed to the standard interpretation in which they are empirically meaningless.

中文翻译：

---

物理理论基础结构的烙印

摘要在科学现实主义的背景下，本文旨在对经典力学，量子力学和狭义相对论所构成的基于结构的本体进行形式化，准确的描述，并将其保留在这些理论的经验领域中，并解释其成功的预测。沿着本体结构现实主义的路线，这样的描述是通过特定的本体论承诺来进行的：对独立的实际结构的存在的信念，大致由不均匀辛群的一个子组（直至组同态）表示，及其对应的状态空间表示。因此，这一群体理论结构的层次结构和复杂性由适当的哲学工具，即局部结构的语言来表示。在这种方法下，人们探索并表现出对某些数学和物理之间边界关系的认识不足，以及结构大厦内是否存在剩余结构。这个结论性问题吸引了一个多余但富有成果的结构的有趣例子，其中不同质量状态的叠加被认为是非相对论量子力学中的实际相对论残余，与标准解释相反，它们在经验上是毫无意义的。