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Stress and Health: A Review of Psychobiological Processes.
Annual Review of Psychology ( IF 24.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-05 , DOI: 10.1146/annurev-psych-062520-122331
Daryl B O'Connor 1 , Julian F Thayer 2 , Kavita Vedhara 3
Affiliation  

The cumulative science linking stress to negative health outcomes is vast. Stress can affect health directly, through autonomic and neuroendocrine responses, but also indirectly, through changes in health behaviors. In this review, we present a brief overview of (a) why we should be interested in stress in the context of health; (b) the stress response and allostatic load; (c) some of the key biological mechanisms through which stress impacts health, such as by influencing hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis regulation and cortisol dynamics, the autonomic nervous system, and gene expression; and (d) evidence of the clinical relevance of stress, exemplified through the risk of infectious diseases. The studies reviewed in this article confirm that stress has an impact on multiple biological systems. Future work ought to consider further the importance of early-life adversity and continue to explore how different biological systems interact in the context of stress and health processes.

中文翻译:


压力与健康:心理生物学过程回顾。

将压力与负面健康结果联系起来的累积科学是巨大的。压力可以通过自主神经和神经内分泌反应直接影响健康,也可以通过健康行为的改变间接影响健康。在这篇综述中,我们简要概述了 ( a ) 为什么我们应该对健康背景下的压力感兴趣;( b ) 应力响应和静态载荷;( c ) 压力影响健康的一些关键生物学机制,例如影响下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴调节和皮质醇动力学、自主神经系统和基因表达;和 ( d) 压力与临床相关性的证据,例如传染病风险。本文回顾的研究证实,压力对多个生物系统有影响。未来的工作应该进一步考虑早期逆境的重要性,并继续探索不同的生物系统如何在压力和健康过程的背景下相互作用。

更新日期:2021-01-06
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