Deep electromagnetic stimulation (DEMS) and low-frequency ultrasound (US) are new physical therapy methods used in the rehabilitation of the musculoskeletal system and wound healing. They are applied locally to treat the injured tissues. The beneficial effects of these methods in supportive care have been documented, but accurate biochemical effects are not known. The goal was to assess the effect of single DEMS and US sessions on the oxidant-antioxidant equilibrium, as well as the activities of lysosomal hydrolases and α 1-antitrypsin (AAT) in peripheral blood of juvenile injured amateur athletes. In the athletes with low back pain (DEMS treated, N = 16) and pain in the shoulder or ankle joint (US treated, N = 14), as well as in healthy control amateur athletes (DEMS treated, N = 14; US treated, N = 17), before the sessions and 30 minutes and 24 hours after them, the levels of the following parameters were determined: thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in erythrocytes and plasma, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase (CAT) in erythrocytes, as well as acid phosphatase (AcP), arylsulfatase (ASA), cathepsin D (CTS D), and α 1-antitrypsin (AAT) in serum. After both procedures, the levels of parameters changed in a negligible manner, excluding the cathepsin D activity, which was statistically significantly lower 30 min and 24 h after US in the control athletes compared to the baseline activity determined directly before the procedure (47.5% and 55.7% differences, respectively). Similar tendency was observed after DEMS (p > 0.05). The procedures, especially low-frequency US, decrease lysosomal proteolytic activity and do not significantly disrupt the oxidant-antioxidant and lysosomal equilibriums in the peripheral blood both of healthy and injured athletes. No systemic acute-phase response of AAT was also detected in the athletes after both procedures. This trial is registered with CTRI/2018/01/011344.

中文翻译：

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现代治疗方法对业余运动员氧化-抗氧化平衡以及所选溶酶体酶和丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂活性的影响。

深度电磁刺激（DEMS）和低频超声（US）是用于肌肉骨骼系统康复和伤口愈合的新物理疗法。它们在当地用于治疗受伤的组织。这些方法在支持治疗中的有益作用已有文献记载，但尚不清楚准确的生化作用。目的是评估单次DEMS和US训练对氧化剂-抗氧化剂平衡以及青少年受伤的业余运动员外周血中的溶酶体水解酶和α1-抗胰蛋白酶（AAT）的活性。下背痛运动员（经DEMS治疗，N = 16）和肩部或踝关节疼痛（经美国治疗，N = 14），以及健康对照业余运动员（经DEMS治疗，N = 14；美国治疗） ，N = 17），在训练前以及训练后30分钟和24小时，确定以下参数的水平：红细胞和血浆中的硫代巴比妥酸反应性物质（TBARS），超氧化物歧化酶（SOD），谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）以及血清中的酸性磷酸酶（AcP），芳基硫酸酯酶（ASA），组织蛋白酶D（CTS D）和α1-抗胰蛋白酶（AAT）。两次手术后，参数水平的变化都可以忽略不计，但组织蛋白酶D活性除外。与直接在手术前确定的基线活动相比，对照组的US运动员在US术后30分钟和24小时的统计学活性明显降低（47.5％和相差55.7％）。DEMS后观察到类似趋势（p> 0.05）。这些程序，尤其是低频US，降低溶酶体蛋白水解活性，并且不会显着破坏健康和受伤运动员外周血中的氧化剂-抗氧化剂和溶酶体平衡。两种方法后，运动员中均未检测到AAT的全身急性期反应。该试验已在CTRI / 2018/01/011344注册。