ABSTRACT It is well attested that Francis Bacon considered his History of Winds to be an exemplar, but what lessons should be taken from its example have been subject to debate. Instead of looking at this work as a mere model for the fusion of natural history and natural philosophy, it is also possible to see Bacon as trying to provide tentative solutions to outstanding questions regarding the wind, a topic that was deeply scrutinized during the early modern period. An examination of Bacon’s provisional concluding rules reveals deep correspondences with earlier works, such as José de Acosta’s Natural and Moral History of the Indies, that revised classical understandings of the wind based on experience, experiments, and accounts of travels beyond Europe. Understanding the History of Winds as a genuine attempt to solve outstanding questions about the wind uncovers its debt to earlier traditions, including those related to Renaissance natural history, and shows it’s influence in relation to specific theories of the wind beyond its call for methodological reform.

中文翻译：

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弗朗西斯·培根、何塞·德·阿科斯塔和风的自然历史传统

摘要 弗朗西斯·培根 (Francis Bacon) 认为他的《风史》是一个范例，这一点已得到充分证明，但应从其范例中汲取什么教训一直存在争议。与其将这部作品仅仅视为自然历史和自然哲学融合的模型，还可以将培根视为试图为有关风的悬而未决的问题提供试探性的解决方案，这是一个在近代早期受到深入审查的主题时期。对培根的临时结论规则的检查揭示了与早期作品的深刻对应关系，例如何塞·德·阿科斯塔 (José de Acosta) 的《印度自然和道德史》，这些作品根据经验、实验和欧洲以外旅行的记录修订了对风的经典理解。