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Stem Cells: In Sickness and in Health
Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy ( IF 2.7 ) Pub Date : 2021-03-31 , DOI: 10.2174/1574888x15999200831160710
Hisham F Bahmad 1 , Mohamad K Elajami 1 , Reem Daouk 1 , Hiba Jalloul 1 , Batoul Darwish 1 , Reda M Chalhoub 1 , Sahar Assi 1 , Farah Chamaa 1 , Wassim Abou-Kheir 1
Affiliation  

Abstract: Stem cells are undifferentiated cells with the ability to proliferate and convert to different types of differentiated cells that make up the various tissues and organs in the body. They exist both in embryos as pluripotent stem cells that can differentiate into the three germ layers and as multipotent or unipotent stem cells in adult tissues to aid in repair and homeostasis. Perturbations in these cells’ normal functions can give rise to a wide variety of diseases. In this review, we discuss the origin of different stem cell types, their properties and characteristics, their role in tissue homeostasis, current research, and their potential applications in various life-threatening diseases. We focus on neural stem cells, their role in neurogenesis and how they can be exploited to treat diseases of the brain including neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. Next, we explore current research in Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSC) techniques and their clinical applications in regenerative and personalized medicine. Lastly, we tackle a special type of stem cells called Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs) and how they can be responsible for therapy resistance and tumor recurrence and explore ways to target them.



中文翻译:

干细胞:疾病和健康

摘要:干细胞是未分化的细胞,具有增殖和转化为不同类型的分化细胞的能力,这些细胞构成了人体的各种组织和器官。它们在胚胎中以多能干细胞的形式存在,可以分化为三个胚层,在成体组织中以多能或单能干细胞的形式存在,以帮助修复和体内平衡。这些细胞正常功能的扰动会导致多种疾病。在这篇综述中,我们讨论了不同干细胞类型的起源、它们的特性和特征、它们在组织稳态中的作用、当前的研究以及它们在各种危及生命的疾病中的潜在应用。我们专注于神经干细胞,它们在神经发生中的作用以及如何利用它们来治疗包括神经退行性疾病和癌症在内的大脑疾病。接下来,我们探讨了诱导多能干细胞 (iPSC) 技术的当前研究及其在再生和个性化医疗中的临床应用。最后,我们研究了一种称为癌症干细胞 (CSC) 的特殊类型的干细胞,以及它们如何导致治疗抵抗和肿瘤复发,并探索靶向它们的方法。

更新日期:2021-04-16
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