Prebiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics, delivered in ovo influence the colonization and development of the peripheral immune system in poultry. This study aimed to investigate the influence of the host genotype (broiler chickens [Ross 308] and old native Polish breed Green-legged Partridgelike [GP] chickens) on the number of B and T cells in the spleen and cecal tonsils (CT). The solution of a bioactive compound was injected in ovo on day 12 of egg incubation: prebiotics (galactooligosaccharides [GOS]), probiotics (Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris IBB477), and synbiotics (GOS + L. lactis). The samples were collected on day 7, day 21, and day 42 after hatching (n = 8). The number of Bu-1+ (B) cells, CD4+ cells, and CD8+ cells in the spleen and CT was estimated using immunohistochemistry. The number of germinal centers (GC) was determined in the spleen. In broilers, probiotics increased (P < 0.05) the number of CD4+ cells in the CT on day 7. On day 21, prebiotics raised (P < 0.01) the number of cells involved in cellular immunity in the CT (CD4+ and CD8+ cells) and spleen (CD8+ cells). On day 42, it was synbiotics that stimulated the colonization of both the CT and spleen by B cells, but colonization of the spleen only by CD4+ and CD8+ cells. In GP chickens, synbiotics enforced the cellular immunity (CD4+ or CD8+ cells) in the spleen at all time points. Synbiotics also stimulated the GC appearance on day 21 and day 42. In GP chickens, the influence of bioactive compounds on colonization of the CT was very limited. In broilers, we determined pronounced and age-dependent effects of prebiotics and synbiotics on the number of B and T cells in both the CT and spleen. In GP chickens, the most potent compound was synbiotics, which stimulated cellular immunity in the spleen but not in the CT. However, given the long-term effects on adaptive immune cells, synbiotics were the most potent compounds in both chicken genotypes.

中文翻译：

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在卵内用生物活性化合物刺激的小鼠脾脏和盲肠扁桃体中细胞和体液免疫的基因型依赖性发育。

卵内递送的益生元，益生菌和合生元影响家禽外周免疫系统的定殖和发育。这项研究旨在调查宿主基因型（肉鸡[Ross 308]和波兰当地古老的绿腿Part样[GP]鸡）对脾和盲肠扁桃体（CT）中B细胞和T细胞数量的影响。在卵孵化的第12天向卵内注射生物活性化合物的溶液：益生元（半乳糖低聚糖[GOS]），益生菌（乳酸乳球菌克雷莫里斯菌IBB477）和合生元（GOS +乳酸乳球菌）。孵化后第7天，第21天和第42天收集样品（n = 8）。使用免疫组织化学估计脾脏和CT中的Bu-1 +（B）细胞，CD4 +细胞和CD8 +细胞的数量。确定脾中生发中心（GC）的数量。在肉鸡中，益生菌在第7天增加了CT中CD4 +细胞的数量（P <0.05）。在第21天，益生元增加了与CT中细胞免疫有关的细胞数量（P <0.01）（CD4 +和CD8 +细胞）和脾脏（CD8 +细胞）。在第42天，是合生元刺激了B细胞在CT和脾脏中的定殖，但是仅CD4 +和CD8 +细胞在脾脏中定殖了。在GP鸡中，合生元在所有时间点都增强了脾脏的细胞免疫力（CD4 +或CD8 +细胞）。合生元还在第21天和第42天刺激了GC的出现。在GP鸡中，生物活性化合物对CT定植的影响非常有限。在肉鸡中 我们确定了益生元和合生元对CT和脾脏中B和T细胞数量的显着且与年龄有关的影响。在GP鸡中，最有效的化合物是合生元，它能刺激脾脏中的细胞免疫，但不能刺激CT中的细胞免疫。然而，考虑到对适应性免疫细胞的长期影响，合生元是两种鸡基因型中最有效的化合物。