Twenty-four healthy adults, including 12 females and 12 males, participated in the study. Each female participant completed three trials in three different phases of one menstrual cycle, which included follicular, ovulatory, and luteal phases. The study aimed to investigate whether there is any difference in joint kinetic sense, neuromuscular coordination, and isokinetic muscle strength (a) between healthy males and females at different phases of the menstrual cycle and (b) between females at different phases of the menstrual cycle. The outcome measures included the number of jumps in the square-hop test and ankle and knee proprioception, which were assessed by an electric-driven movable frame rotated at 0.4 deg/s and isokinetic muscle strength measured by a computerized dynamometer (Biodex). For the square-hop test (p = .006), ankle dorsiflexion/plantar flexion (p < .05), knee flexion/extension (p < .05), the relative peak torque of the isokinetic muscle strength at the 60° and 180° knee flexion/extension (p < .001), and the 30° and 120° ankle plantar flexion/dorsiflexion (p < .05) between females and males showed significant differences. For the females at different phases of the menstrual cycle, significant differences were found on ankle dorsiflexion (p = .003), plantar flexion (p = .023), knee extension (p = .029), the square-hop test (p = .036), and relative peak torque of isokinetic muscle strength at 180° knee flexion (p = .029). This study demonstrated that there are sex differences in lower limb proprioception and mechanical function. Females at ovulatory and luteal phases have better lower limb proprioception than at the follicular phase.

24名健康成人，包括12名女性和12名男性，参加了这项研究。每个女性参与者在一个月经周期的三个不同阶段（包括卵泡期，排卵期和黄体期）完成了三项试验。该研究旨在调查在月经周期不同阶段的健康男性和女性之间以及（b）在月经周期不同阶段的女性之间在关节动力学，神经肌肉协调和等速肌力方面是否存在差异。 。结果测量包括方跳测试以及踝关节和膝关节本体感受的跳跃次数，这是通过以0.4度/秒旋转的电动可移动框架评估的，并通过计算机测功机（Biodex）测量了等速肌力。对于方跳检验（p = .006），踝背屈/足底屈曲（p  <.05），膝盖屈曲/伸展（p  <.05），在60°和180°膝盖屈曲/伸展时等速肌力的相对峰值扭矩（p  <.001），并且 男性和女性之间的30°和120°踝plant屈/背屈（p <.05）表现出显着差异。对于处于月经周期不同阶段的女性，在脚踝背屈（p  = .003），足底屈曲（p  = .023），膝盖伸展（p  = .029），平方跳检验（p  = .036），以及在180°屈膝时等速肌力的相对峰值扭矩（p = .029）。这项研究表明，下肢的本体感受和机械功能存在性别差异。与排卵期相比，排卵期和黄体期女性的下肢本体感觉更好。