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Reducing implicit racial preferences: III. A process-level examination of changes in implicit preferences.
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology ( IF 8.460 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-27 , DOI: 10.1037/pspi0000339
Jimmy Calanchini 1 , Calvin K Lai 2 , Karl Christoph Klauer 3
Affiliation  

Implicit bias change was initially assumed to reflect changes in associations, but subsequent research demonstrated that implicit bias change can also reflect changes in control-oriented processes that constrain the expression of associations. The present research examines the process-level effects of 17 different implicit bias-reduction interventions and one sham intervention by analyzing data from more than 20,000 participants who completed an intervention condition or a baseline control condition followed by a race Implicit Association Test (IAT). To identify the processes influenced by each intervention, we applied the Quadruple process model to participants' IAT responses then meta-analyzed parameter estimates according to a taxonomy of interventions based on shared features. Interventions that relied on counterstereotypic exemplars or strategies to override biases influenced both associations and control-oriented processes, whereas interventions that relied on evaluative conditioning influenced only control-oriented processes. In contrast, interventions that focused on egalitarian values, perspective taking, or emotion had no reliable influence on any of the processes examined. When interventions did change associations, they were much more likely to reduce positive White associations than negative Black associations. The present research extends upon traditional dual-process perspectives by identifying robust intervention effects on response biases. These findings connect features of interventions with changes in the processes underlying implicit bias. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译:

减少隐含的种族偏好:III. 对隐性偏好变化的过程级检查。

最初假设隐性偏见变化反映了关联的变化,但随后的研究表明,隐性偏见的变化也可以反映限制关联表达的控制导向过程的变化。本研究通过分析来自超过 20,000 名完成干预条件或基线控制条件的参与者的数据,然后进行种族内隐联想测试 (IAT),检查了 17 种不同的减少内隐偏见干预和一种虚假干预的过程级影响。为了确定受每个干预影响的过程,我们将四重过程模型应用于参与者的 IAT 反应,然后根据基于共享特征的干预分类法对参数估计进行元分析。依赖于反定型范例或策略来克服偏见的干预影响了联想和控制导向的过程,而依赖于评价性条件反射的干预只影响控制导向的过程。相比之下,侧重于平等主义价值观、观点采择或情感的干预对所检查的任何过程都没有可靠的影响。当干预确实改变了关联时,与消极的黑人关联相比,它们更有可能减少积极的白人关联。本研究通过确定对响应偏差的稳健干预影响,扩展了传统的双过程观点。这些发现将干预的特征与隐性偏见背后的过程的变化联系起来。(PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2020 APA,保留所有权利)。
更新日期:2020-08-27
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