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Spatial cognition in the context of foraging styles and information transfer in ants.
Animal Cognition ( IF 2.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-25 , DOI: 10.1007/s10071-020-01423-x
Zhanna Reznikova 1, 2
Affiliation  

Ants are central-place foragers: they always return to the nest, and this requires the ability to remember relationships between features of the environment, or an individual’s path through the landscape. The distribution of these cognitive responsibilities within a colony depends on a species’ foraging style. Solitary foraging as well as leader-scouting, which is based on information transmission about a distant targets from scouts to foragers, can be considered the most challenging tasks in the context of ants’ spatial cognition. Solitary foraging is found in species of almost all subfamilies of ants, whereas leader-scouting has been discovered as yet only in the Formica rufa group of species (red wood ants). Solitary foraging and leader-scouting ant species, although enormously different in their levels of sociality and ecological specificities, have many common traits of individual cognitive navigation, such as the primary use of visual navigation, excellent visual landmark memories, and the subordinate role of odour orientation. In leader-scouting species, spatial cognition and the ability to transfer information about a distant target dramatically differ among scouts and foragers, suggesting individual cognitive specialization. I suggest that the leader-scouting style of recruitment is closely connected with the ecological niche of a defined group of species, in particular, their searching patterns within the tree crown. There is much work to be done to understand what cognitive mechanisms underpin route planning and communication about locations in ants.



中文翻译:

蚂蚁觅食方式和信息传递背景下的空间认知。

蚂蚁是觅食的中心地带:它们总是回到巢穴,这就需要能够记住环境特征之间的关系,或者是个人穿越景观的路径。这些认知责任在一个殖民地中的分布取决于物种的觅食方式。基于从侦察员到觅食者的远距离目标的信息传递,单独觅食和领导者寻觅被认为是蚂蚁空间认知中最具挑战性的任务。在几乎所有蚂蚁亚科的物种中都发现了单独觅食,而仅在福米卡·鲁法(Formica rufa)中才发现了先导搜寻。组物种(红木蚂蚁)。孤独的觅食和领导者搜寻的蚂蚁物种,尽管其社会性和生态特性的水平差异很大,但它们具有许多个人认知导航的共同特征,例如视觉导航的主要用途,出色的视觉地标记忆以及气味的次要作用方向。在领导者侦察物种中,侦察员和觅食者之间的空间认知和传递远距离目标信息的能力显着不同,这表明了个体的认知专长。我建议,领导者搜寻的招募方式与特定物种的生态位密切相关,尤其是它们在树冠内的搜索模式。

更新日期:2020-08-25
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