The 16SrIV-A phytoplasmas are associated with the devastating disease lethal yellowing (LY) of palms. In Tabasco (Mexico), the death of Cocos nucifera, Adonidia merrillii, and Attalea butyracea palms have been suspected to be associated with LY based on symptomatology. Samples from the trunk of both symptomatic and nonsymptomatic palms were collected in three different environments: two species of palms within a rural zone and the other within an urban zone. DNA was extracted to perform a nested PCR with phytoplasma primers P1/P7-LY16SF/R16R2. A 1,345-bp fragment was amplified from the DNA extracted from each of the 29 LY-symptomatic palms sampled. Phytoplasma identification was achieved by amplicon sequencing and virtual restriction fragment length polymorphism analyses. Three 16SrIV phytoplasma subgroups were detected: 16SrIV-A in C. nucifera, 16SrIV-B in A. merrillii, and 16SrIV-D in C. nucifera, A. merrillii, and A. butyracea. Phylogenetic analysis showed also that the three phytoplasma strains found in the palm species clustered with phytoplasmas reported in the literature in the three subgroups identified. This is the first report of phytoplasmas associated with these palm species in Tabasco.

16SrIV-A植原体与破坏性疾病致死性棕榈黄相关。在塔巴斯科州（墨西哥），死于椰子（Cocos nucifera），阿多尼亚（Adonidia merrillii）和酪and（Attalea butyracea）根据症状学，手掌被怀疑与LY有关。从有症状和无症状棕榈的树干中采集的样品是在三种不同的环境中采集的：农村地区的两种棕榈和城市地区的另一种。提取DNA进行巢式PCR，使用植物质体引物P1 / P7-LY16SF / R16R2。从从采样的29只LY-有症状棕榈中提取的DNA中扩增出1345bp的片段。通过扩增子测序和虚拟限制性片段长度多态性分析实现了质体鉴定。检测到三个16SrIV植原体亚组：16SrIV-A中C.莲，16SrIV-B在A.香榧，和16SrIV-d中C.莲，A.香榧，和A.butyracea。系统发育分析还显示，在三个亚组的文献中报道了在棕榈树种中发现的三种植物质体与植物质体簇集在一起。这是塔巴斯科州与这些棕榈树种有关的植物原质的首次报道。