Measurement standards and metrological activities provide scientific and metrological infrastructure in the country. The Pressure and Vacuum Metrology (PVM) activity has a major role in national and international metrological research and development. The PVM group is successfully providing national calibration and measurement services and fulfilling its national duty as per the mandate of CSIR-National Physical Laboratory (CSIR-NPL). Since last 35 years, no significant efforts were made to assess socio-economic impact of the services provided. Such impact studies are carried out by several National Metrology Institutes, but in India it is still an unexplored area so far. This motivated us to carry out the impact assessment, and present paper is an attempt made in this direction. Systematic studies of the contribution of PVM, established at CSIR-NPL, on national industrial growth and economy, are carried out by assessment of impact. The aim of the present paper is to present the summary of the results thus obtained which is based on the investment made over the years and the estimated benefits to the users. The studies are based on some industrial survey, personal interviews and interactions with stakeholders and sampling of services provided over the years. An overall social rate of return, an indicator of system efficiency, is found to be 180% which is quite high as compared to the present rate of return (8%). This indicates that the PVM activity is quite efficient, and future investment in the activity is safe and would provide excellent returns. The studies are very useful for broader understanding of the economic benefits of PVM and to improve understanding of the decision and policy makers about the relevance, continuation and further investment in PVM activity. This present case study may be explored and applied for other metrological fields also.

中文翻译：

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印度CSIR-NPL的压力和真空计量的经济影响研究

测量标准和计量活动在该国提供了科学和计量基础设施。压力和真空计量（PVM）活动在国家和国际计量研究和开发中起着重要作用。PVM组正在成功提供国家校准和测量服务，并按照CSIR国家物理实验室（CSIR-NPL）的职责履行其国家职责。自最近35年以来，没有做出任何重大努力来评估所提供服务的社会经济影响。此类影响研究是由数家国家计量学院进行的，但在印度，到目前为止，它仍是一个尚未开发的领域。这激励了我们进行影响评估，而本论文就是朝这个方向进行的尝试。对PVM的贡献进行系统研究，CSIR-NPL建立的关于国家工业增长和经济的政策，是通过影响评估来进行的。本文的目的是根据多年来的投资和对用户的估计收益，总结由此获得的结果。这些研究基于一些行业调查，个人访谈以及与利益相关者的互动以及多年来提供的服务样本。总体社会回报率（系统效率的指标）为180％，与目前的回报率（8％）相比非常高。这表明PVM活动非常高效，并且对该活动的未来投资是安全的，并且可以提供出色的回报。这些研究对于更广泛地了解PVM的经济利益以及增进决策者和决策者对PVM活动的相关性，持续性和进一步投资的了解非常有用。本案例研究可以探索并应用于其他计量领域。