This article reviews the different mechanisms affecting the orbits of trans-Neptunian objects, ranging from internal perturbations (planetary scattering, mean-motion resonances, and secular effects) to external perturbations (galactic tides and passing stars). We outline the theoretical tools that can be used to model and study them, focussing on analytical approaches. We eventually compare these mechanisms to the observed distinct populations of trans-Neptunian objects and conclude on how they participate to the sculpting of the whole distribution.

中文翻译：

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跨海王星天体的长期轨道动力学

本文回顾了影响跨海王星物体轨道的不同机制，从内部扰动（行星散射、平均运动共振和长期效应）到外部扰动（银河潮汐和经过的恒星）。我们概述了可用于建模和研究它们的理论工具，重点是分析方法。我们最终将这些机制与观察到的跨海王星物体的不同种群进行比较，并得出它们如何参与整个分布的雕刻的结论。