In order to evaluate the adverse effects of combined traffic noise, a face-to-face survey was carried out among 1433 local residents aging from 15 to 75 years. The relationships between the percentage of highly annoyed (%HA), sleep disturbance and acoustical/non-acoustical factors (L_dn, age, gender, residence time, time at home, etc.) were analyzed, respectively. Results showed that %HA caused by road–rail combined traffic noise (%HA_road–rail) was between %HA caused by road dominant noise (%HA_road) and %HA caused by viaduct rail transit dominant noise (%HA_rail) at same L_dn, which could be explained by partial masking effect. When L_dn > 63 dB, %HA_rail was higher than %HA_road, which may be related to that the visibility of noise source (trains) and the vibration generated during pass-by of trains could indirectly cause an increment of noise annoyance. When L_dn < 63 dB, %HA_rail was lower than %HA_road. This may be explained by that the noise disturbance caused by maximal A-weighted sound pressure level of railway noise events in the area dominated by road traffic noise had more influence on annoyance than that in the area dominated by viaduct rail transit noise. Meanwhile, %HA showed a rising trend with the increase in the proportion of nighttime in total time at home, which may be related to that people had a less tolerance to noise at night. The sleep disturbance reached the maximum in the age-group of 30–40 years, which was correlated with that middle-aged people had higher stress and higher noise sensitivity.

中文翻译：

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道路交通和高架轨道交通噪声共同引起的烦恼和睡眠障碍研究

为了评估混合交通噪声的不利影响，我们对1433名15岁至75岁的当地居民进行了面对面的调查。分别分析了高度烦恼（％HA）的百分比，睡眠障碍与听觉/非听觉因素（L _dn，年龄，性别，居住时间，在家时间等）之间的关系。结果表明，路轨混合交通噪声（％HA _road-rail）引起的％HA在道路主导噪声（％HA _road）和高架桥轨道交通主导噪声（％HA _rail）引起的％HA之间相同的L _dn，这可以用部分掩蔽效应来解释。当L _dn > 63 dB，％HA_铁路高于％HA_道路，这可能与噪声源（火车）的可见性以及火车通过时产生的振动会间接导致噪声烦扰的增加有关。当L _dn  <63 dB时，％HA_轨道低于％HA_道路。这可以解释为，在道路交通噪声为主的地区，铁路噪声事件的最大A加权声压级引起的噪声干扰比在高架桥铁路运输噪声为主的地区对烦扰的影响更大。同时，％HA随夜间在整个家庭时间中所占比例的增加而呈上升趋势，这可能与人们对夜间噪声的承受能力较弱有关。睡眠障碍在30至40岁年龄组达到最大，这与中年人承受更高的压力和更高的噪音敏感性有关。