Over the past decade, the global cumulative installed photovoltaic (PV) capacity has grown exponentially, reaching 591 GW in 2019. Rapid progress was driven in large part by improvements in solar cell and module efficiencies, reduction in manufacturing costs and the realization of levelized costs of electricity that are now generally less than other energy sources and approaching similar costs with storage included. Given this success, it is a particularly fitting time to assess the state of the photovoltaics field and the technology milestones that must be achieved to maximize future impact and forward momentum. This roadmap outlines the critical areas of development in all of the major PV conversion technologies, advances needed to enable terawatt-scale PV installation, and cross-cutting topics on reliability, characterization, and applications. Each perspective provides a status update, summarizes the limiting immediate and long-term technical challenges and highlights breakt...

中文翻译：

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2020年光伏技术路线图

在过去的十年中，全球累计安装的光伏（PV）容量呈指数增长，到2019年达到591 GW。在很大程度上，太阳能电池和模块效率的提高，制造成本的降低以及成本的实现均实现了快速发展。现在通常比其他能源要少的电力，包括存储在内的电价也接近类似的水平。有了这一成功，现在就特别适合评估光伏领域的状况以及必须实现的技术里程碑，以最大程度地提高未来的影响力和前进的动力。该路线图概述了所有主要PV转换技术的关键发展领域，实现兆瓦级PV安装所需的进步以及有关可靠性，特性和应用的跨领域主题。