Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a reliable source for cell-based regenerative medicine owing to their multipotency and biological functions. However, aging-induced systemic homeostasis disorders in vivo and cell culture passaging in vitro induce a functional decline of MSCs, switching MSCs to a senescent status with impaired self-renewal capacity and biased differentiation tendency. MSC functional decline accounts for the pathogenesis of many diseases and, more importantly, limits the large-scale applications of MSCs in regenerative medicine. Growing evidence implies that epigenetic mechanisms are a critical regulator of the differentiation programs for cell fate and are subject to changes during aging. Thus, we here review epigenetic dysregulations that contribute to MSC aging and osteoporosis. Comprehending detailed epigenetic mechanisms could provide us with a novel horizon for dissecting MSC-related pathogenesis and further optimizing MSC-mediated regenerative therapies.

中文翻译：

---

间充质干细胞衰老，分化和骨质疏松症的表观遗传调控。

间充质干细胞（MSCs）由于其多能性和生物学功能，是基于细胞的再生医学的可靠来源。然而，老化引起的全身动态平衡疾病体内和细胞培养传代的体外诱导MSC的功能下降，使MSC进入衰老状态，自我更新能力受损，分化倾向偏向。MSC功能下降是许多疾病的发病机制，更重要的是，它限制了MSC在再生医学中的大规模应用。越来越多的证据表明，表观遗传机制是细胞命运分化程序的关键调节器，并且在衰老过程中会发生变化。因此，我们在这里回顾了导致MSC衰老和骨质疏松症的表观遗传异常。理解详细的表观遗传机制可以为我们剖析与MSC相关的发病机制并进一步优化MSC介导的再生疗法提供新的视野。