This study aimed to calculate patient radiation doses for adults during the seven most commonly performed conventional X-ray procedures, and to propose national diagnostic reference levels (DRLs). A representative sample of patients from 29 hospitals was included. The entrance surface air kerma (ESAK) was calculated by measuring X-ray tube output and the corresponding technical and exposure factors for each patient. Third-quartile values of the mean ESAK distributions were proposed as DRL values. The DRLs in mGy were as follows: 0.6 for chest postero–anterior (PA), 3.5 for skull AP, 1.7 for skull lateral (LAT), 2.7 for abdominal, 2.6 for pelvic AP, 3.7 for lumbar spine AP and 8 for lumbar spine LAT. Compared with literature, the maximum percentages increase were in chest PA (329%) and skull AP (187%). Since the suggested DRL for chest PA was higher than literature values, dose optimization and a review of its value is recommended.

中文翻译：

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苏丹标准放射 X 射线程序的建议国家诊断参考水平。

本研究旨在计算成人在七种最常用的常规 X 射线程序中的患者辐射剂量，并提出国家诊断参考水平 (DRL)。纳入了来自 29 家医院的具有代表性的患者样本。入口表面空气比释动能 (ESAK) 通过测量 X 射线管输出以及每位患者的相应技术和暴露因子来计算。平均 ESAK 分布的第三四分位值被提议为 DRL 值。mGy 中的 DRL 如下：胸部后前部 (PA) 为 0.6，颅骨 AP 为 3.5，颅骨外侧 (LAT) 为 1.7，腹部为 2.7，骨盆 AP 为 2.6，腰椎 AP 为 3.7，腰椎为 8纬度。与文献相比，增加的最大百分比是胸部 PA（329%）和颅骨 AP（187%）。