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Controls on Ocean Color Spectra Observed During the North Atlantic Aerosols and Marine Ecosystems Study (NAAMES)
Frontiers in Marine Science ( IF 3.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-10 , DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2020.567007
James G. Allen , David A. Siegel , Norman B. Nelson , Stuart Halewood

Satellite ocean color remote sensing is the primary method to retrieve synoptic measurements of the optical properties of the ocean on large spatial and regular time scales. Through bio-optical modeling, changes in ocean color spectra can be linked to changes in marine ecosystem and biogeochemical properties. Bio-optical algorithms rely on assumptions about the covariance of marine constituents as well as the relationships among their inherent and apparent optical properties. Validation with in situ measurements of in-water constituents and their optical properties is required to extrapolate local knowledge about ocean color variations to global scales. Here, we evaluate seasonal and spatial relationships between optical constituents and their inherent and apparent optical properties throughout the annual cycle of the North Atlantic plankton bloom using bio-optical data from four cruises conducted as part of the North Atlantic Aerosols and Marine Ecosystems Study (NAAMES). Our results show ocean color variability, quantified using field observations of the remote sensing reflectance spectrum at each NAAMES station, is driven by colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) absorption in the ultraviolet wavelengths, phytoplankton absorption in the blue wavelengths, and total particulate backscattering in the green wavelengths. Results from a recently storm-mixed station at the height of the spring bloom demonstrate that significant changes in bio-optical properties can occur on daily scales. By testing the effects of variations in lighting conditions and solar geometries, we also demonstrate that, for this data set, remote sensing reflectance should be considered a quasi-inherent optical property. We find that the temporal and spatial chlorophyll concentrations and the magnitudes of inherent optical properties can be accurately assessed using previously published ocean color algorithms. However, changes in the spectral slopes of the inherent optical properties are often poorly retrieved, indicating the need for improvements in the retrieval of optical constituent composition. The characterization of such a dynamic environment provides beneficial insights for future bio-optical algorithms.

中文翻译:

在北大西洋气溶胶和海洋生态系统研究 (NAAMES) 期间观察到的海洋颜色光谱的控制

卫星海洋颜色遥感是在大空间和规则时间尺度上检索海洋光学特性的天气测量值的主要方法。通过生物光学建模,海洋颜色光谱的变化可以与海洋生态系统和生物地球化学特性的变化联系起来。生物光学算法依赖于关于海洋成分的协方差及其固有和表观光学特性之间关系的假设。需要对水中成分及其光学特性的原位测量进行验证,以将有关海洋颜色变化的当地知识外推到全球尺度。这里,我们使用来自作为北大西洋气溶胶和海洋生态系统研究 (NAAMES) 的一部分进行的四次航行的生物光学数据,评估了整个北大西洋浮游生物大量繁殖的年度周期中光学成分及其固有和表观光学特性之间的季节性和空间关系。我们的结果显示,使用每个 NAAMES 站的遥感反射光谱的实地观察量化的海洋颜色变化是由紫外线波长中的有色溶解有机物 (CDOM) 吸收、蓝色波长中的浮游植物吸收以及总颗粒背散射驱动的。绿色波长。最近在春季盛开的高度风暴混合站的结果表明,生物光学特性的显着变化可能会在日常尺度上发生。通过测试光照条件和太阳几何形状变化的影响,我们还证明,对于该数据集,遥感反射率应被视为准固有光学特性。我们发现,时间和空间叶绿素浓度以及固有光学特性的大小可以使用先前发布的海洋颜色算法进行准确评估。然而,固有光学特性的光谱斜率的变化通常很难得到恢复,这表明需要改进光学成分组成的恢复。这种动态环境的表征为未来的生物光学算法提供了有益的见解。遥感反射率应该被认为是一种准固有的光学特性。我们发现,时间和空间叶绿素浓度以及固有光学特性的大小可以使用先前发布的海洋颜色算法进行准确评估。然而,固有光学特性的光谱斜率的变化通常很难得到恢复,这表明需要改进光学成分组成的恢复。这种动态环境的表征为未来的生物光学算法提供了有益的见解。遥感反射率应该被认为是一种准固有的光学特性。我们发现,时间和空间叶绿素浓度以及固有光学特性的大小可以使用先前发布的海洋颜色算法进行准确评估。然而,固有光学特性的光谱斜率的变化通常很难被检索,这表明需要改进光学成分组成的检索。这种动态环境的表征为未来的生物光学算法提供了有益的见解。固有光学特性的光谱斜率的变化通常很难得到恢复,这表明需要改进光学成分组成的恢复。这种动态环境的表征为未来的生物光学算法提供了有益的见解。固有光学特性的光谱斜率的变化通常很难被检索到,这表明需要改进光学成分组成的检索。这种动态环境的表征为未来的生物光学算法提供了有益的见解。
更新日期:2020-09-10
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