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The world Brewer reference triad – updated performance assessment and new double triad
Atmospheric Measurement Techniques ( IF 3.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-10 , DOI: 10.5194/amt-2020-324
Xiaoyi Zhao , Vitali Fioletov , Michael Brohart , Volodya Savastiouk , Ihab Abboud , Akira Ogyu , Jonathan Davies , Reno Sit , Sum Chi Lee , Alexander Cede , Martin Tiefengraber , Moritz Müller , Debora Griffin , Chris McLinden

Abstract. The Brewer ozone spectrophotometer (the Brewer) was designed at Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC) in the 1970s to make accurate automated total ozone column measurements. Since the 1980s, the Brewer has become a World Meteorological Organization (WMO) Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) standard ozone monitoring instrument. Now, more than 230 Brewers have been produced. To assure the quality of the Brewer measurements, a calibration chain is maintained, i.e., first, the reference instruments are independently absolutely calibrated, and then the calibration is transferred from the reference instrument to the travelling standard, and subsequently from the travelling standard to field instruments. ECCC has maintained the world Brewer reference instruments since the 1980s to provide transferable calibration to field instruments at monitoring sites. Three single-monochromator (Mark II) type instruments (serial numbers #008, #014, and #015) formed this world Brewer reference triad (BrT), and started their service in Toronto, Canada in 1984. In the 1990s, the Mark III type Brewer (known as the double Brewer) was developed, which has two monochromators to reduce the internal instrumental stray light. The double Brewer world reference triad (BrT-D) was formed in 2013 (serial numbers #145, #187 and #191), co-located with the BrT. The first assessment of the BrT's performance was made in 2005, covering the period between 1984 and 2004 (Fioletov et al., 2005). The current work provides an updated assessment of the BrT's performance (from 1999 to 2019) and the first comprehensive assessment of the BrT-D. The random uncertainties of individual reference instruments are within the WMO/GAW requirement of 1 % (0.49 % and 0.42 % for BrT and BrT-D, respectively). The long-term stability of the reference instruments is also evaluated in terms of uncertainties of the key instrument characteristics: the extraterrestrial calibration constant (ETC) and effective ozone absorption coefficients (both having an effect of less than 2 % on total column ozone). Measurements from a ground-based instrument (Pandora spectrometer) and satellites (eleven datasets, including the most recent high-resolution satellite, TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument), and reanalysis model (the second Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications, MERRA-2) are used to further assess the performance of world Brewer reference instruments and to provide a context for the requirements of stratospheric ozone observations during the last two decades.

中文翻译:

布鲁尔世界参考三合会–更新了性能评估和新的双重三合会

摘要。Brewer臭氧分光光度计(Brewer)是在1970年代由加拿大环境与气候变化部(ECCC)设计的,用于进行精确的自动化总臭氧柱测量。自1980年代以来,酿酒商已成为世界气象组织(WMO)的全球大气监测(GAW)标准臭氧监测仪器。现在,已经生产了超过230家啤酒厂。为了确保Brewer测量的质量,必须保持校准链,即首先对参考仪器进行独立的绝对校准,然后将校准从参考仪器转移到行进标准液,然后再从行进标准液转移到现场仪器。ECCC自1980年代以来一直维护着世界Brewer参考仪器,以向监测现场的现场仪器提供可转移的校准。由三台单色仪(Mark II)类型的仪器(序列号#008,#014和#015)组成了世界布鲁尔参考三重奏(BrT),并于1984年在加拿大多伦多开始服务。1990年代,Mark开发了III型Brewer(称为双重Brewer),它具有两个单色仪以减少内部仪器杂散光。布鲁尔世界双重参考三合会(BrT-D)于2013年成立(序列号145、187和191),与BrT并置。2005年对BrT的性能进行了首次评估,涵盖了1984年至2004年(Fioletov等,2005)。当前的工作提供了对BrT'的最新评估 的性能(从1999年到2019年)以及对BrT-D的首次全面评估。单个参考仪器的随机不确定性在WMO / GAW要求的1%内(BrT和BrT-D分别为0.49%和0.42%)。还根据关键仪器特性的不确定性评估了参考仪器的长期稳定性:地外校准常数(ETC)和有效的臭氧吸收系数(两者对总柱臭氧的影响均小于2%)。从地面仪器(潘多拉光谱仪)和卫星(十一个数据集,包括最新的高分辨率卫星,对流层大气监测仪器)和再分析模型(第二次研究和应用的现代时代回顾性分析,
更新日期:2020-09-10
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