Abstract

Lead tops the list of developmental toxicants released by industry into the environment according to Commission for Environmental Corporation. Hydrilla verticillata is an aquatic weed and rich source of variable nutrients and chemical constituents like saponins, vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, amino acids, detoxifying agents, etc. This weed is used in a beneficial way to detoxify lead in fish model. The fish were treated with sublethal concentration of lead to induce liver damage and fed with supplementary feed containing 20% of hydrilla dry powder. The present work revealed that lead accumulation is highly toxic to liver. Lead toxicity increased the expressions of cytochrome P450 1 A (CYP1A) and cytochrome P450 3 A (CYP3A) when compared to control. The metal binding stress proteins, heat shock proteins (Hsp60 & Hsp70) and metallothionein were also upregulated due to lead toxicity. Lead intoxicated fish exhibited reduced δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase activity in the blood, leading to reduced red blood cell count and changes in cell morphology. The lead toxicity also decreases the level of liver marker enzymes alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase in serum. In hydrilla supplemented protective group, there was amelioration of these changes. Administration of supplementary feed to the lead intoxicated protective group significantly decreased the expressions of CYP1A, CYP3A, Hsp60, Hsp70 and metallothionein genes. The red blood cell count in lead intoxicated fish was maintained almost normal due to the protective action of Hydrilla verticillata in the diet. The observed increase in the enzymes, which further confirmed the protective effect of Hydrilla verticillata against lead induced toxicity.

摘要

根据环境公司委员会的数据，铅在工业释放到环境中的发育毒物列表中名列前茅。轮枝藻是一种水草，富含多种营养素和化学成分，如皂苷、维生素、矿物质、抗氧化剂、氨基酸、解毒剂等。这种杂草以有益的方式用于对鱼类模型中的铅进行解毒。用亚致死浓度的铅对鱼进行处理以诱导肝损伤，并饲喂含有 20% Hydrilla 干粉的补充饲料。目前的工作表明，铅的积累对肝脏有剧毒。与对照相比，铅毒性增加了细胞色素 P450 1 A (CYP1A) 和细胞色素 P450 3 A (CYP3A) 的表达。由于铅毒性，金属结合应激蛋白、热休克蛋白（Hsp60 和 Hsp70）和金属硫蛋白也上调。铅中毒的鱼在血液中表现出降低的δ-氨基乙酰丙酸脱水酶活性，导致红细胞计数减少和细胞形态发生变化。铅的毒性还会降低血清中肝脏标志酶丙氨酸转氨酶、天冬氨酸转氨酶的水平。在黑藻补充保护基团中，这些变化有所改善。铅中毒保护组添加饲料可显着降低CYP1A、CYP3A、Hsp60、Hsp70和金属硫蛋白基因的表达。由于铅的保护作用，铅中毒鱼的红细胞计数几乎保持正常 铅中毒保护组添加饲料可显着降低CYP1A、CYP3A、Hsp60、Hsp70和金属硫蛋白基因的表达。由于铅的保护作用，铅中毒鱼的红细胞计数几乎保持正常 铅中毒保护组添加饲料可显着降低CYP1A、CYP3A、Hsp60、Hsp70和金属硫蛋白基因的表达。由于铅的保护作用，铅中毒鱼的红细胞计数几乎保持正常饮食中的Hydrilla verticillata。观察到酶的增加，这进一步证实了黑藻对铅诱导的毒性的保护作用。