Gut-Brain-Axis imbalance due to gut dysbiosis by antibiotics may lead to neurobehavioral changes. Here we determine neuroprotective effect of probiotic against gut dysbiosis associated decline in learning and memory. Oral Ampicillin was used to induce gut dysbiosis while probiotic was administered along with antibiotic as treatment in Swiss albino mice. Antibiotic decreased Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Firmicutes and Clostridium level. This was followed by reduced cognition, hippocampal neuronal density, intestinal crypt depth, villus length and increased corticohippocampal acetylcholinesterase, myeloperoxidase activity and oxidative stress which were partially reversed by probiotic treatment. Probiotic protected hippocampal neurons from gut dysbiosis associated inflammatory and oxidative damage in mice.

中文翻译：

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益生菌可防止与学习和记忆能力下降相关的肠道菌群失调

由抗生素引起的肠道菌群失调导致的肠脑轴失衡可能导致神经行为改变。在这里，我们确定了益生菌对与学习和记忆能力下降相关的肠道生态失调的神经保护作用。口服氨苄西林用于诱导肠道菌群失调，而益生菌与抗生素一起用于治疗瑞士白化小鼠。抗生素降低了乳杆菌、双歧杆菌、厚壁菌和梭菌的水平。其次是认知减少、海马神经元密度、肠隐窝深度、绒毛长度和皮质海马乙酰胆碱酯酶、髓过氧化物酶活性和氧化应激的增加，这些都被益生菌治疗部分逆转。益生菌保护海马神经元免受肠道生态失调相关的小鼠炎症和氧化损伤。