Over the past decades, radioanalytical methods for environmental monitoring of plutonium (Pu) isotopes from contaminated soils were developed to respond in case of a nuclear accident but also for routine analyses. In this paper we prove the possibility of on-site analysis of plutonium using alpha particle spectrometry. Tests are performed with two types of soils: a “brown” soil and a “sandy” soil, both spiked with ²⁴²Pu. The proposed method starts with leaching the soil, then separating the radionuclides of interest through a TEVA column and finally preparing counting planchets for alpha-spectrometry analyses. The aim of this work was to obtain a fast and reliable procedure, from the sample preparation to the analysis, applicable directly in the field and lasting no longer than a working day. The testing involved several parameters, such as the soil-to-liquid ratio, the acid molarity, the influence of a purification step, the source preparation. For each procedure defined, the time and the recovery rates of ²⁴²Pu were recorded and compared. Results have proven that the recovery rates increase with the solid-to-liquid ratio, with the acid molarity, with the purification step but decrease with the mixing time. The two methods used for source preparation showed similar results and the sources were measured by alpha spectrometry, using two different counting devices. The final selected sample preparation procedure has a throughput of 3 h, with recovery rates of 33.8 ± 3.1% for the “brown” soil and 77.3 ± 9.2% for the “sandy” soil and is suitable for a field application.

在过去的几十年中，开发了用于环境污染污染土壤中（（Pu）同位素环境监测的放射分析方法，以应对核事故和常规分析。在本文中，我们证明了使用α粒子光谱仪对analysis进行现场分析的可能性。使用两种类型的土壤进行测试：“棕色”土壤和“桑迪”土壤，均掺入²⁴²。所提出的方法从浸出土壤开始，然后通过TEVA色谱柱分离出感兴趣的放射性核素，最后准备用于Alpha光谱分析的计数棘轮。这项工作的目的是获得一种快速，可靠的程序，从样品制备到分析，可直接在现场使用，并且持续时间不超过一个工作日。测试涉及几个参数，例如土壤与液体的比例，酸的摩尔浓度，纯化步骤的影响，来源的准备。对于定义的每个过程，时间和回收率均为²⁴²记录并比较Pu。结果证明，回收率随固液比，酸摩尔浓度，纯化步骤而增加，但随混合时间而降低。用于源制备的两种方法显示出相似的结果，并且使用两种不同的计数设备通过α光谱法测量了源。最终选择的样品制备过程的通量为3 h，“棕”土的回收率为33.8±3.1％，“沙土”的回收率为77.3±9.2％，适用于现场应用。