The mineralogical and geochemical features of melted rocks of the Khamaryn–Khural–Khiid combustion metamorphic complex in Eastern Mongolia have been characterized for the first time and conditions of their formation have been estimated. Clinkers and paralavas were formed through partial melting of Early Cretaceous sedimentary sequence under the effect of wild coal fires, which have happened since at least 19th century. The studied area of the complex is dominated by pyrogenically modified pelitic rocks, while their melted varieties represented by clinkers of dacitic and rhyolitic compositions are restricted to the coal fire epicenters. Much less common are Ca-rich and Na-bearing silica-undersaturated mafic paralavas formed through melting of silicate minerals (newly formed and relict) in limestone. Pyrogenically modified mudstones and clinkers contain felsic silicate glass with melted grains of quartz, feldspar, monazite, and other minerals, as well as newly formed cordietite–sekaninaite, hercynite, magnetite, hematite, goethite, ferrosilite, cristobalite, barite-celestine, and accessory rutile, ilmenite, fluorapatite, and fayalite. The paralavas are fully crystallized rocks consisting of phenocryst assemblage (plagioclase, Al-clinopyroxene, melilite) and interstitial pleonast, K–Ba feldspar (celsian, hyalophane), minerals of the rhönite-kuratite series, Ca–Fe olivines (Ca-fayalite, kirschsteinite), pyrrhotite, barite, and fluorapatite. There are also barium Fe–Cu sulfides of the djerfisherite (zoharite, owensite) group and Fe phosphides (schreibersite, barringerite, and α-Fe + Fe₃P eutectic). At the final stage, Ca-bearing nepheline-group mineral, supposedly, davidsmithite, crystallized in paralava matrix. The paralavas crystallized under high-temperature conditions (1365–945°C for Fe phosphides, near 1100°C for minerals of the rhönite-kuratite series, and 950–850°C for Fe–Ca olivines) at oxygen fugacity from IW to QFM buffers. Locally developed reducing conditions provided the formation of small drops of Fe phosphides and native iron. Some paralavas contain Fe³⁺-pleonast and rhönite-subgroup minerals with high dorrite end-member fraction, which were formed in oxidizing conditions likely corresponding to the HM buffer. Melilite–nepheline paralavas of combustion metamorphic complexes of Mongolia (Khamaryn–Khural–Khiid and Nyalga ones) have close mineralogical and geochemical features. Similar paralavas have not been described anywhere else in the world. The differences in the mineral–phase assemblages and geochemical composition of the clinkers and paralavas from these complexes can be related with composition variations of sedimentary protolith (pelitic and carbonate rocks) involved in the partial melting, as well as with local variations in the physicochemical conditions of their formation (temperature, fluid regime, oxygen fugacity, cooling–quenching rates of the pyrogenic melts, and other factors) during wild coal fires.

中文翻译：

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蒙古东部哈马林-库拉尔-克希德燃烧变质综合体的熔岩（熟料和巴拉瓦斯）：矿物学，地球化学和成因

蒙古东部的Khamaryn–Khural–Khiid燃烧变质综合体的熔融岩石的矿物学和地球化学特征已被首次表征，并且已估算了其形成条件。至少从19世纪开始，在野煤大火的影响下，早白垩世沉积层序的部分融化形成了熟料和巴拉瓦。该复合物的研究区域以热解改性的粉质岩为主，而以胶泥和流纹岩成分的熟料为代表的其熔融变种仅限于煤火震中。通过石灰石中硅酸盐矿物（新形成的和遗留的）的熔融形成的富含钙和含钠的二氧化硅不饱和的镁铁质抛物质熔岩很少见。热解改性的泥岩和熟料包含长英质硅酸盐玻璃，其中融化了石英，长石，独居石和其他矿物质，以及新形成的堇青石-堇青石，锂铁矿，磁铁矿，赤铁矿，针铁矿，硅铁矿，硅铁矿，方石英，重晶石-天青石及其附件金红石，钛铁矿，氟磷灰石和铁橄榄石。巴拉瓦火山是完全结晶的岩石，由隐晶岩组合（斜长石，铝斜辉石，橄榄石）和间质pleonast，K–Ba长石（celsian，hyalophane），rhonite-kuratite系列矿物，Ca–Fe橄榄石（Ca-Fayalite， Kirschsteinite），黄铁矿，重晶石和氟磷灰石。也有锌钡铁矿（锆铁矿，欧风石）族的钡铁铜硫化物和磷铁矿（钙钛矿，钡铁矿和α-Fe+ Fe）长石，独居石和其他矿物，以及新形成的堇青石-苏铁钠铝石，水英石，磁铁矿，赤铁矿，针铁矿，硅铁矿，方石英，重晶石-天青石以及辅助金红石，钛铁矿，氟磷灰石和方铁石。巴拉瓦火山是完全结晶的岩石，由隐晶岩组合（斜长石，铝斜辉石，斜长石）和间质pleonast，K–Ba长石（celsian，hyalophane），rhônite-kuratite系列矿物，Ca–Fe橄榄石（Ca-Fayalite， Kirschsteinite），黄铁矿，重晶石和氟磷灰石。也有锌钡铁矿（锆铁矿，欧风石）族的钡铁铜硫化物和磷铁矿（钙钛矿，钡铁矿和α-Fe+ Fe）长石，独居石和其他矿物，以及新形成的堇青石-苏铁钠铝石，水英石，磁铁矿，赤铁矿，针铁矿，硅铁矿，方石英，重晶石-天青石以及辅助金红石，钛铁矿，氟磷灰石和方铁石。巴拉瓦火山是完全结晶的岩石，由隐晶岩组合（斜长石，铝斜辉石，橄榄石）和间质pleonast，K–Ba长石（celsian，hyalophane），rhonite-kuratite系列矿物，Ca–Fe橄榄石（Ca-Fayalite， Kirschsteinite），黄铁矿，重晶石和氟磷灰石。也有锌铁矿（锆铁矿，欧氏体）族的钡铁铜硫化物和磷铁矿（方铁矿，钡镁石和α-Fe+ Fe）和辅助金红石，钛铁矿，氟磷灰石和铁橄榄石。巴拉瓦火山是完全结晶的岩石，由隐晶岩组合（斜长石，铝斜辉石，橄榄石）和间质pleonast，K–Ba长石（celsian，hyalophane），rhonite-kuratite系列矿物，Ca–Fe橄榄石（Ca-Fayalite， Kirschsteinite），黄铁矿，重晶石和氟磷灰石。也有锌钡铁矿（锆铁矿，欧风石）族的钡铁铜硫化物和磷铁矿（钙钛矿，钡铁矿和α-Fe+ Fe）和辅助金红石，钛铁矿，氟磷灰石和铁橄榄石。巴拉瓦火山是完全结晶的岩石，由隐晶岩组合（斜长石，铝斜辉石，橄榄石）和间质pleonast，K–Ba长石（celsian，hyalophane），rhonite-kuratite系列矿物，Ca–Fe橄榄石（Ca-Fayalite， Kirschsteinite），黄铁矿，重晶石和氟磷灰石。也有锌钡铁矿（锆铁矿，欧风石）族的钡铁铜硫化物和磷铁矿（钙钛矿，钡铁矿和α-Fe+ Fe）黄铁矿，重晶石和氟磷灰石。也有锌钡铁矿（锆铁矿，欧风石）族的钡铁铜硫化物和磷铁矿（钙钛矿，钡铁矿和α-Fe+ Fe）黄铁矿，重晶石和氟磷灰石。也有锌钡铁矿（锆铁矿，欧风石）族的钡铁铜硫化物和磷铁矿（钙钛矿，钡铁矿和α-Fe+ Fe）₃共晶）。在最后阶段，含钙的霞石类矿物（据说是davidsmithite）在巴拉瓦基质中结晶。在高温下（从IW到QFM）的氧逸度下，副熔岩在高温条件下结晶（磷化铁为1365–945°C，Rhönite-kuratite系列矿物为接近1100°C，Fe-Ca橄榄石为950–850°C）缓冲区。局部开发的还原条件提供了小滴的磷化铁和天然铁的形成。一些巴拉瓦含铁³⁺-富勒诺司和菱锰矿-亚族矿物，具有较高的铁素体端部组分分数，它们是在可能对应于HM缓冲液的氧化条件下形成的。蒙古的燃烧变质复合物（哈马里-库拉尔-基伊德和尼亚尔加的一种）的陨石-霞石巴拉瓦斯具有接近的矿物学和地球化学特征。世界上其他地方都没有描述过类似的巴拉瓦。这些络合物的熟料和巴拉瓦斯的矿相组合和地球化学组成的差异可能与部分熔融所涉及的沉积原生石（石质和碳酸盐岩）的组成变化以及理化条件的局部变化有关。它们的形成（温度，流体状态，氧气逸度，热解熔体的冷却-淬灭速率，