Purpose We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to summarise the geographic distribution of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) incidence. Methods Databases including PubMed, Embase and Web of Science were searched for publications of early and late AMD before September 2019. Studies were included if they applied a standardised photographic assessment and classification system. The proportion of participants with AMD in each eligible study was combined to obtain a pooled incidence from all studies using a random effects model. We also assessed sources of potential heterogeneity in the incidence of AMD using meta-regression analyses for both late and early AMD. Results Twenty-four population-based studies (70 123 individuals aged 55 years or older) were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled global annual incidences of early and late AMD were 1.59% (95% CI 1.12% to 2.10%) and 0.19% (95% CI: 0.13% to 0.28%), respectively. Individuals of European descent had the highest annual incidence of both early (2.73%, 95% CI 1.63% to 4.57%) and late (0.36%, 95% CI 0.17% to 0.75%) AMD than other ethnic groups. Average age (p=0.001) at baseline, ethnicity (p=0.001), region (p=0.043) and gender (p=0.011) were predictors for incident late AMD, while only average age (p=0.01) at baseline and ethnicity (p=0.025) was associated with incidence of early AMD. Conclusions This meta-analysis offers an up-to-date overview of AMD globally, which may provide scientific guidance for the design and implementation of public health strategies such as screening programmes for AMD in both specific geographic locations and ethnic groups, as well as worldwide.

中文翻译：

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年龄相关性黄斑变性发病率的地理分布：系统评价和荟萃分析

目的 我们进行了系统回顾和荟萃分析，以总结年龄相关性黄斑变性 (AMD) 发病率的地理分布。方法 包括 PubMed、Embase 和 Web of Science 在内的数据库在 2019 年 9 月之前搜索了早期和晚期 AMD 的出版物。如果研究采用了标准化的摄影评估和分类系统，则纳入研究。将每项符合条件的研究中患有 AMD 的参与者的比例结合起来，使用随机效应模型从所有研究中获得汇总发病率。我们还使用晚期和早期 AMD 的元回归分析评估了 AMD 发病率的潜在异质性来源。结果 24 项基于人群的研究（70123 名年龄在 55 岁或以上的个体）被纳入荟萃分析。全球早期和晚期 AMD 的年发病率分别为 1.59%（95% CI 1.12% 至 2.10%）和 0.19%（95% CI：0.13% 至 0.28%）。与其他种族相比，欧洲血统的个体早期（2.73%，95% CI 1.63% 至 4.57%）和晚期（0.36%，95% CI 0.17% 至 0.75%）AMD 的年发病率最高。基线平均年龄 (p=0.001)、种族 (p=0.001)、地区 (p=0.043) 和性别 (p=0.011) 是晚期 AMD 事件的预测因素，而基线和种族只有平均年龄 (p=0.01) (p=0.025) 与早期 AMD 的发病率有关。结论 该荟萃分析提供了全球 AMD 的最新概述，可为公共卫生战略的设计和实施提供科学指导，例如特定地理位置和种族的 AMD 筛查计划