The bullwhip effect (BWE) and stochastic demand coexist in supply chain operation management, which leads to a lower performance. In recent years, with the development of blockchain, cloud computing, big data, and other digital technologies (DTs), many enterprises hope to use them to weaken the BWE and improve profits. This paper focuses on improving the application level of DTs in the supply chain through coordination for enhancing the performance. We consider a supply chain with one-supplier-one-retailer and coordinate it with the cost-sharing contract and revenue-cost-sharing contract (the improved contract). We find out that the retailer and supplier did not always have the willingness to use DTs to alleviate the BWE. Even if they have the intention to use DTs, their ideal application level is not the same. After coordination, both the application level of DTs and the performance of the supply chain are improved, and we find that the improved contract has a better coordination effect. Finally, we validate our model by numerical simulation.

中文翻译：

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数字技术下考虑牛鞭效应的供应链协调机制

牛鞭效应（BWE）和随机需求共存于供应链运营管理中，从而导致绩效降低。近年来，随着区块链，云计算，大数据和其他数字技术（DT）的发展，许多企业希望使用它们来削弱BWE和提高利润。本文致力于通过协调以提高绩效来提高DT在供应链中的应用水平。我们考虑一个具有一个供应商和一个零售商的供应链，并将其与成本分摊合同和收入成本分摊合同（改进后的合同）进行协调。我们发现，零售商和供应商并不总是愿意使用DT减轻BWE。即使他们有意使用DT，它们的理想应用级别也不相同。经过协调 DT的应用水平和供应链绩效均得到改善，我们发现改进的合同具有更好的协调效果。最后，我们通过数值模拟来验证我们的模型。