Abstract

Despite gender is a salient feature in face recognition, the question of whether stereotyping modulates face processing remains unexplored. Event-related potentials from 40 participants (20 female) was recorded as male and female faces matched or mismatched previous gender-stereotyped statements and were compared with those elicited by faces preceded by gender-unbiased statements. We conducted linear mixed-effects models to account for possible random effects from both participants and the strength of the gender bias. The amplitude of the N170 to faces was larger following stereotyped relative to gender-unbiased statements in both male and female participants, although the effect was larger for males. This result reveals that stereotyping exerts an early effect in face processing and that the impact is higher in men. In later time windows, male faces after female-stereotyped statements elicited large late positivity potential (LPP) responses in both men and women, indicating that the violation of male stereotypes induces a post-perceptual reevaluation of a salient or conflicting event. Besides, the largest LPP amplitude in women was elicited when they encountered a female face after a female-stereotyped statement. The later result is discussed from the perspective of recent claims on the evolution of women self-identification with traditionally held female roles.

中文翻译：

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面对刻板印象：性别刻板印象后，ERP对男性和女性面部的反应。

摘要

尽管性别是人脸识别的显着特征，但关于定型观念是否能调节人脸处理的问题仍待探讨。来自40名参与者（20名女性）的与事件相关的电位被记录为与先前性别刻板印象陈述相匹配或不匹配的男性和女性面部，并将其与面部无性别偏见之前引起的面部相比较。我们进行了线性混合效应模型，以说明参与者均可能产生的随机效应以及性别偏见的强度。相对于性别无偏见的陈述，在成年男性和女性参与者中，N170面对面部的振幅较大，尽管对男性而言影响更大。该结果表明，定型观念在面部加工中起着早期作用，并且对男性的影响更大。在以后的时间窗口中，在女性刻板印象的陈述之后，男性面孔在男性和女性中都引起了较大的后期积极潜力（LPP）反应，表明违反男性刻板印象导致对显着或冲突事件的感知后重新评估。此外，在女性刻板印象之后，女性遇到女性面部时，会引起女性最大的LPP振幅。从最近关于具有传统女性角色的女性自我认同的演变的主张的角度讨论了后来的结果。在女性刻板印象的陈述中，当她们遇到一张女性面孔时，会引起女性最大的LPP振幅。从最近关于具有传统女性角色的女性自我认同演变的观点出发，讨论了后来的结果。在女性刻板印象的陈述中，当她们遇到一张女性面孔时，会引起女性最大的LPP振幅。从最近关于具有传统女性角色的女性自我认同的演变的主张的角度讨论了后来的结果。