The wheel-rail rolling contact finite element model has been generally considered to be a better choice for solving the high-frequency wheel-rail responses and local stress/strain states, compared to the traditional multi-body dynamics model. However, some thorny issues in the wheel-rail finite element analysis need to be solved or avoided, such as difficulties in geometry modelling especially for describing those multiple irregular wheel tread defects, possible computation termination by mesh distortion, and the balance between the computational efficiency and accuracy. Thus, an innovative computational method was proposed in this study, to transform the geometric irregularities induced by wheel out-of-roundness (wheel flat, tread spalling and wheel polygonization) to the randomly irregular displacement excitation of the wheel-rail contact, where the randomisation of the size, shape and distribution of wheel tread defects were considered. Based on geometrical relationships of the wheel-rail contact, the formulas of the wheel-rail contact displacement irregularity caused by various wheel tread defects, which was equivalent to the corresponding wheel-rail geometrical irregularity, were derived. And then the randomly irregular wheel-rail displacement satisfied to several various random distribution functions were generated by pseudo-random number sequence. Finally, the proposed method is demonstrated to facilitate applications of the explicit wheel-rail contact finite element model.

与传统的多体动力学模型相比，轮轨滚动接触有限元模型被普遍认为是解决高频轮轨响应和局部应力/应变状态的更好选择。然而，轮轨有限元分析中的一些棘手问题需要解决或避免，例如几何建模困难，特别是描述那些不规则的车轮胎面缺陷，可能会因网格变形而终止计算，以及计算效率之间的平衡。和准确性。因此，本研究提出了一种创新的计算方法，将由车轮不圆度（车轮扁平、胎面剥落和车轮多边形化）引起的几何不规则性转化为轮轨接触的随机不规则位移激励，其中考虑了车轮胎面缺陷的大小、形状和分布的随机性。基于轮轨接触的几何关系，推导了各种轮纹缺陷引起的轮轨接触位移不规则度的计算公式，等效于相应的轮轨几何不规则度。然后通过伪随机数序列生成满足多种随机分布函数的随机不规则轮轨位移。最后，证明了所提出的方法有助于显式轮轨接触有限元模型的应用。推导了各种轮纹缺陷引起的轮轨接触位移不规则度的计算公式，等效于相应的轮轨几何不规则度。然后通过伪随机数序列生成满足多种随机分布函数的随机不规则轮轨位移。最后，证明了所提出的方法有助于显式轮轨接触有限元模型的应用。推导了各种轮纹缺陷引起的轮轨接触位移不规则度的计算公式，等效于相应的轮轨几何不规则度。然后通过伪随机数序列生成满足多种随机分布函数的随机不规则轮轨位移。最后，证明了所提出的方法有助于显式轮轨接触有限元模型的应用。