The popularity of cell‐laden injectable hydrogels has steeply increased due to their compatibility with minimally invasive surgical procedures. However, the diffusion of indispensable molecules for cell survival through bulk hydrogel structures, particularly oxygen, is often limited to micrometric distances, often hampering cell viability or uniform tissue formation in constructs with clinically relevant sizes. The introduction of micropores in hydrogels or the use of oxygen‐generating materials has enabled combining advantages of porous 3D scaffolds with the injectability properties of in situ‐solidifying hydrogels. Here, cell‐laden injectable gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) foams are fabricated using a single polymer formulation. Air bubbles are introduced into GelMA solutions using a simple‐to‐implement method based on pulling/pushing the solution through a syringe. Human mesenchymal stem cells derived from the adipose tissue (hASCs) cultured in bulk hydrogels (diameter c.a. 5 mm) show low permanence in the core of the materials and stain for factors associated to hypoxia (hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1 alpha (HIF‐1α)) after 7 days of culture. In opposition, cells cultured in optimized foams do not stain for HIF‐1α, show high permanence, homogeneous viability, and consistent phenotype in the whole depth of the biomaterials, while secreting increased amounts of regenerative growth factors to the surrounding medium.

中文翻译：

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大容量构建物中囊化细胞的均质生存能力的水凝胶泡沫的无浸出法制备。

带有细胞的可注射水凝胶与微创外科手术程序兼容，因此受欢迎程度急剧上升。然而，细胞生存中不可缺少的分子通过大量的水凝胶结构（尤其是氧气）的扩散通常限于微米级距离，通常会妨碍具有临床相关大小的构建体中的细胞生存力或均匀的组织形成。在水凝胶中引入微孔或使用产生氧气的材料，使得多孔3D支架的优势与原位固化水凝胶的可注射性相结合。在这里，使用单一聚合物配方制造了可填充泡孔的可注射明胶甲基丙烯酰（GelMA）泡沫。将气泡引入到GelMA解决方案中的方法很简单，该方法基于通过注射器拉/推溶液的方式。在大量水凝胶（直径约5 mm）中培养的源自脂肪组织（hASCs）的人类间充质干细胞在材料的核心中显示出较低的持久性，并且对与缺氧相关的因子染色（hypoxia-induced factor-1 alpha（HIF-1）培养7天后，α））。在反对，在优化泡沫培养的细胞不染色对HIF-1 α，显示出高持久性，均匀的存活力，并在生物材料的整个深度一致的表型，而分泌增加的再生生长因子的量至周围介质。