The regeneration of injured spinal cord is hampered by the lack of vascular supply and neurotrophic support. Transplanting tissue‐engineered constructs with developed vascular networks and neurotrophic factors, and further understanding the pattern of vessel growth in the remodeled spinal cord tissue are greatly desired. To this end, highly vascularized scaffolds embedded with human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are fabricated, which possess paracrine‐mediated angiogenic and neuroregenerative potentials. The potent pro‐angiogenic effect of the prevascularized scaffolds is first demonstrated in a rat femoral bundle model, showing robust vessel growth and blood perfusion induced within these scaffolds postimplantation, as evidenced by laser speckle contrast imaging and 3D microCT dual imaging modalities. More importantly, in a rat complete spinal cord transection model, the implantation of these scaffolds to the injured spinal cords can also promote revascularization, as well as axon regeneration, myelin deposition, and sensory recovery. Furthermore, 3D microCT imaging and novel morphometric analysis on the remodeled spinal cord tissue demonstrate substantial regenerated vessels, more significantly in the sensory tract regions, which correlates with behavioral recovery following prevascularization treatment. Taken together, prevascularized DPSC‐embedded constructs bear angiogenic and neurotrophic potentials, capable of augmenting and modulating SCI repair.

中文翻译：

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带有人类牙髓干细胞的血管前支架治疗完全性脊髓损伤。

缺乏血管供应和神经营养支持阻碍了受伤脊髓的再生。迫切需要移植具有发达的血管网络和神经营养因子的组织工程构造，并进一步了解重构的脊髓组织中的血管生长模式。为此，制造了具有人牙髓干细胞（DPSC）的高度血管化的支架，这些支架具有旁分泌介导的血管生成和神经再生潜能。预先血管化支架的强促血管生成作用首先在大鼠股骨束模型中得到证明，显示出植入后这些支架内血管的强劲生长和血液灌注，如激光散斑对比成像和3D microCT双重成像方式所证明。更重要的是，在大鼠完整的脊髓横断模型中，将这些支架植入受损的脊髓还可以促进血运重建，以及轴突再生，髓磷脂沉积和感觉恢复。此外，在经过改造的脊髓组织上进行的3D microCT成像和新颖的形态计量学分析表明，实质性的再生血管更明显地位于感觉通道区域，这与血管生成前的行为恢复有关。综上所述，预先血管化的DPSC嵌入构建体具有血管生成和神经营养潜力，能够增强和调节SCI修复。在经过改造的脊髓组织上进行的3D microCT成像和新颖的形态计量学分析显示，实质性的再生血管，在感觉通道区域更为明显，这与血管生成前治疗后的行为恢复相关。综上所述，预先血管化的DPSC嵌入构建体具有血管生成和神经营养潜力，能够增强和调节SCI修复。在经过改造的脊髓组织上进行的3D microCT成像和新颖的形态计量学分析显示，实质性的再生血管，在感觉通道区域更为明显，这与血管生成前治疗后的行为恢复相关。综上所述，预先血管化的DPSC嵌入构建体具有血管生成和神经营养潜力，能够增强和调节SCI修复。