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Estimation of carbon stock in urban parks: Biophysical parameters, thresholds, reliability, and sampling load by plant type
Urban Forestry & Urban Greening ( IF 6.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-11-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.ufug.2020.126852
Vincent Wang , Jay Gao

Abstract At present scarce information is available on what biophysical parameters of plants are important to what kind of vegetation carbon stock, and what thresholds should be adopted in sampling different types of plants, and what species/plants store carbon most efficiently. The answer to these questions is significant as it dictates the reliability of the carbon stock estimate and estimation cost, and can guide the design of efficient urban green infrastructure. This study aims to assess the carbon storage capacities of plants, their biophysical parameters important to the carbon stock by plant type, and the influence of parameter thresholds on carbon estimate and sampling load. In total, 1,681 woody plants were surveyed in 20 plots in Auckland parks and reserves. Trees (51%), shrubs (22%), and ferns (27%) co-existed spatially, and stored 115.30, 2.05, and 5.94 Mg C, respectively, at a ratio of 19.4:0.3:1. On average, a tree, shrub, and fern/palm stored 138.09 ± 333.7, 5.59 ± 6.0, and 13.36 ± 15.5 kg C per plant. The top five carbon-contributing tree species were exotic pines (29.1%), kauri (9.8%), rimu (3.8%), kahikatea (2.9%), and matai (2.1%). Matai should be the choice in revegetation projects to maximise carbon stock given its unparalleled carbon contribution index (17.2). Stem length was totally ineffective in indicating plant carbon, followed by canopy area. Diameter at breast height (DBH) was a better indicator of tree and shrub carbon than canopy height that indicated tree and fern carbon better than DBH. Total vegetation carbon would be underestimated by 3.7% if a DBH threshold of ≥10 cm were adopted for trees, and ≥14 cm for shrubs and ferns, all causing the carbon stock of the respective plant type to be underestimated by about 1.60 Mg C. However, these thresholds would reduce the overall sampling load by 47.2%. The established relationship between DBH and cumulative carbon allows calibration of the estimated carbon in accordance with the DBH threshold adopted in sampling different plants. Whether the amount of calibration still holds true in other types of urban plants requires further study.

中文翻译:

城市公园碳储量估算:按植物类型划分的生物物理参数、阈值、可靠性和采样负荷

摘要 目前,关于植物的哪些生物物理参数对何种植被碳储量很重要、对不同类型的植物进行采样应采用哪些阈值以及哪些物种/植物最有效地储存碳等方面的信息很少。这些问题的答案非常重要,因为它决定了碳储量估算和估算成本的可靠性,并且可以指导高效城市绿色基础设施的设计。本研究旨在评估植物的碳储存能力、植物类型对碳储量的重要生物物理参数,以及参数阈值对碳估计和采样负荷的影响。总共对奥克兰公园和保护区的 20 个地块中的 1,681 种木本植物进行了调查。树木 (51%)、灌木 (22%) 和蕨类植物 (27%) 在空间上共存,并储存了 115 个。分别为 30、2.05 和 5.94 Mg C,比例为 19.4:0.3:1。平均而言,一棵树、灌木和蕨类植物/棕榈树每株植物储存了 138.09 ± 333.7、5.59 ± 6.0 和 13.36 ± 15.5 kg C。贡献碳的前五位树种是外来松树 (29.1%)、贝壳杉 (9.8%)、rimu (3.8%)、kahikatea (2.9%) 和 matai (2.1%)。考虑到其无与伦比的碳贡献指数 (17.2),马泰应该是重新植被项目的选择,以最大限度地提高碳储量。茎长在指示植物碳方面完全无效,其次是冠层面积。胸高直径 (DBH) 是乔木和灌木碳的更好指标,而不是冠层高度,后者表明乔木和蕨类植物的碳比 DBH 更好。如果树木的胸径阈值≥10 cm,灌木和蕨类植物的胸径阈值≥14 cm,植被总碳将被低估 3.7%,所有这些都导致相应植物类型的碳储量被低估了约 1.60 Mg C。然而,这些阈值会将总体采样负荷降低 47.2%。DBH 和累积碳之间建立的关系允许根据在不同植物取样时采用的 DBH 阈值校准估计的碳。校准量是否仍然适用于其他类型的城市植物需要进一步研究。
更新日期:2020-11-01
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