Abstract An appropriate evaluation of thermal characteristics in biological bodies under the influence of external heat source during the hyperthermia therapy is inherently difficult, since living tissues have a non-uniform and non-homogeneous structure composed of solid-liquid interfaces. In general, biological bodies are very sensitive to temperature alteration as it leads to a drastic change of protein structures, which in turn causes a permanent thermal injury. Therefore, it can always be desirable to use a suitable model for determining the temperature response in therapeutic domains accurately. Recently, the local thermal non-equilibrium (LTNE) model develops based on the energy exchange in the vascular geometry confined with arteriol-venule systems. The present study establishes a hybrid analytical scheme by applying the LTNE bioheat approach for the three-dimensional (3-D) temperature response in a cancer domain under the hyperthermia treatment. To take care of non-uniformity and porous media approaches of living tissues, this study suggests a pertinent spatially dependent initial condition along with the appropriate boundary conditions in the physical domain for the accurate temperature prediction. A comparative study of temperature distribution between LTNE and local thermal equilibrium (LTE) models has been performed which justifies the necessity to include the porous media approach in the analysis. In order to understand a 3-D heat flow in the hyperthermia domain, thermal contours may give such information and thus 3-D heat transfer analysis with two different time lags always predicts the exact thermo-biological behaviour as a function of the therapeutic exposure time. Finally, the research output validated with the available experimental hyperthermia therapeutic data and the present 3-D thermal response is in good agreement with the existing experimental values, which indicates the present model is appropriate to determine the thermal behaviour of living tissues accurately.

中文翻译：

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基于局部热非平衡法热疗的癌性肿瘤三维热评估

摘要 由于活体组织具有由固液界面组成的不均匀和非均质结构，因此在热疗过程中适当评估在外部热源影响下生物体的热特性本身就很困难。一般来说，生物体对温度变化非常敏感，因为它会导致蛋白质结构的剧烈变化，进而导致永久性热损伤。因此，总是希望使用合适的模型来准确确定治疗领域中的温度响应。最近，局部热非平衡 (LTNE) 模型基于受小动脉-小静脉系统限制的血管几何结构中的能量交换而发展。本研究通过将 LTNE 生物热方法应用于热疗下癌症域中的三维 (3-D) 温度响应，建立了一种混合分析方案。为了解决活组织的非均匀性和多孔介质方法，本研究提出了一个相关的空间相关初始条件以及物理域中适当的边界条件，以进行准确的温度预测。已经对 LTNE 和局部热平衡 (LTE) 模型之间的温度分布进行了比较研究，这证明了在分析中包括多孔介质方法的必要性。为了了解热疗领域的 3-D 热流，热等值线可以提供此类信息，因此具有两个不同时滞的 3-D 传热分析始终可以预测作为治疗暴露时间函数的确切热生物学行为。最后，研究结果与可用的实验热疗治疗数据和目前的 3-D 热响应与现有的实验值非常吻合，这表明本模型适用于准确确定活组织的热行为。