A general assumption in the use of biotelemetry is that tags do not affect the animal’s behavior. There is general agreement that internal implantation of transmitters is the preferred method for affixing a tag to a fish relative to external and intragastric transmitters because internal tags have minimal negative impacts on growth and can be used for long‐term research. Internal transmitter attachment methods have only recently been explored for the family Lepisosteidae due to the inability to breach ganoid scales with traditional surgical procedures developed for teleost fishes. In this study, we used a recently developed specialized surgical technique to conduct sham surgeries on Shortnose Gar Lepisosteus platostomus to document short‐ and long‐term recovery and wound healing rates. Shortnose Gar were successfully sedated for surgical purposes with AQUI‐S 20E at a concentration of 250 mg/L, although we discovered that it is necessary to prevent facultative air breathing to ensure sufficient induction. Despite a longer sedation time relative to other species, fish recovered quickly and showed no adverse effects. Surgical wounds closed within approximately 2 weeks, and monofilament sutures were retained long enough to promote healing. On average, fish lost 0.34% body weight per day over the first 7–19 d postsurgery but gained 0.26% body weight per day over the remainder of the 478‐d study. Our study is the first to test the effective dosage of AQUI‐S 20E in Shortnose Gar and to evaluate recovery from surgery using a specialized surgical technique in a controlled setting. Methods used in our study were designed to be directly applied in the field, will allow researchers to safely utilize internal implantation of transmitters in primitive fishes with ganoid scales, and will enable studies that expand our knowledge of the spatial ecology and habitat use in this ancient lineage of fish.

中文翻译：

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短鼻s的有效麻醉剂量和专门手术方法的恢复

使用生物遥测法的一般假设是标签不会影响动物的行为。人们普遍认为，相对于外部和内部胃内发射器，将发射器内部植入是将标签粘贴到鱼上的首选方法，因为内部标签对生长的负面影响极小，可用于长期研究。由于对于硬骨鱼开发的传统外科手术方法无法突破类腺体鳞片，因此内部Lepisostesteidae的内部发射器附着方法直到最近才被研究。在这项研究中，我们使用了最近开发的专业手术技术对短鼻n Lepisosteus platostomus进行假手术记录短期和长期恢复以及伤口愈合率。尽管我们发现有必要防止兼性空气呼吸以确保足够的诱导作用，但使用250 mg / L的AQUI‐S 20E可以成功地为手术目的镇静Gar镇静剂。尽管相对于其他物种而言，镇静时间更长，但鱼类恢复得很快，并且没有任何不良影响。手术伤口在大约2周内闭合，单丝缝合线保留的时间足以促进愈合。平均而言，在最初的7-19天术后，鱼的体重每天减少0.34％，而在478-d的其余研究中，每天体重增加0.26％。我们的研究是第一个测试在Shortnose Gar中使用AQUI‐S 20E的有效剂量，并在可控范围内使用专业手术技术评估手术恢复的方法。我们在研究中使用的方法被设计为可直接在野外使用，将使研究人员能够安全地将发射器内部植入具有类鳞状鳞茎的原始鱼类中，并使研究能够扩展我们对这种古代动物的空间生态学和栖息地使用的了解鱼的血统。