The use of aminoglycoside antibiotics is prevalent in medicine and agriculture. Their overuse increases their mobility in the environment, resulting in a need for reliable methods for their determination in a variety of matrices. However, the properties of aminoglycosides, in particular their high polarity, make the development of such methods a non-trivial task, inciting researchers to tackle this complex issue from different angles. The necessity to determine aminoglycosides in complex matrices and at low concentration levels requires the development of relatively elaborate sample preparation methods and the use of selective and sensitive detection techniques. Various modes of liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry are usually the analytical methods of choice. However, the recent developments in techniques such as bioassays, quantum dot-based colourimetric applications and various aptasensors point towards the development of more easily accessible and user-friendly point-of-need tests for screening applications in food control and environmental monitoring. This review summarizes the state-of-the-art in sample preparation protocols and the determination of aminoglycosides using various techniques and outlines the future trends with an emphasis placed on the novel and emerging solutions in this area.

在医学和农业中普遍使用氨基糖苷类抗生素。它们的过度使用增加了它们在环境中的移动性，因此需要可靠的方法来确定各种基质。然而，氨基糖苷类的特性，尤其是其高极性，使得这种方法的开发成为一项艰巨的任务，从而促使研究人员从不同角度解决这一复杂问题。测定复杂基质中低浓度氨基糖苷的必要性要求开发相对复杂的样品制备方法以及使用选择性和灵敏的检测技术。液相色谱与串联质谱联用的各种模式通常是选择的分析方法。但是，生物测定等技术的最新发展 基于量子点的比色法应用和各种适体传感器都指向开发更易于访问和用户友好的测试点测试，以用于食品控制和环境监测中的筛选应用。这篇综述总结了样品制备方案的最新技术以及使用各种技术测定氨基糖苷的含量，并概述了未来的趋势，重点是该领域的新型解决方案。