Herein, we report the synthesis of metal/metal carbide (Co, Ni, and Fe₃C) nanoparticles (NPs) encapsulated nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes (NCNT) and its application as the anode materials for lithium-ion battery (LIB). The electron microscopy images confirm the encapsulation of metal NPs inside the carbon nanotubes, which can inhibit the NPs aggregations and offer long cycle life for LIB. The metal/metal carbide encapsulated NCNT as anode material exhibits higher specific capacity than pure NCNT. The cyclic voltammetry studies reveal that Co, Ni, and Fe₃C NPs can oxidize and reduce the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer components of the anode. This offers the extra specific capacity to Fe₃C/NCNT, Co/NCNT, and Ni/NCNT anodes by retracting the interphasial stored Li⁺ ions. Moreover, in this study, the catalytic activity of Co, Ni, and Fe₃C NPs for tailoring the SEI components are compared for the first time, and it shows Fe₃C/NCNT anode has the highest catalytic activity than Co/NCNT and Ni/NCNT. Co/NCNT and Fe₃C/NCNT also exhibit good cycle life up to 1300 cycles at a current density of 1 A g⁻¹. Overall, this work demonstrates an effective strategy to improve the performance of LIB anode by retracting the interphasial stored Li⁺ ions.

在这里，我们报告了金属/金属碳化物（Co，Ni和Fe ₃ C）纳米颗粒（NPs）包裹的氮掺杂碳纳米管（NCNT）的合成及其在锂离子电池（LIB）负极材料中的应用。电子显微镜图像证实了碳纳米管内部金属NP的包裹，这可以抑制NP的聚集并为LIB提供长循环寿命。作为阳极材料的金属/金属碳化物封装的NCNT比纯NCNT具有更高的比容量。循环伏安法研究表明，Co，Ni和Fe ₃ C NPs可以氧化并还原阳极的固体电解质相间（SEI）层成分。这为Fe ₃提供了额外的比容量通过收回相间存储的Li ⁺离子，C / NCNT，Co / NCNT和Ni / NCNT阳极。此外，在本研究中，首次比较了Co，Ni和Fe ₃ C NPs用来定制SEI组分的催化活性，结果表明Fe ₃ C / NCNT阳极比Co / NCNT的催化活性最高。镍/ NCNT。在电流密度为1 A g ^-1时， Co / NCNT和Fe ₃ C / NCNT的循环寿命也高达1300次。总的来说，这项工作展示了一种有效的策略，可以通过收回相间存储的Li ⁺离子来提高LIB阳极的性能。