Diabetes deteriorates the central nervous system declining the motion capacity, mental speed and efficiency. Additionally, diabetes affects the visual system particularly the retina. Both systems are evaluated separately even though they have a direct relationship to simple tasks such as object evasion. For these reasons, the main objective of this research is to study the relationship between retinal response and the patient’s cognitive abilities.

This article presents the results of experimental tests applied to 34 patients diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus without diabetic retinopathy. Two visual perception experiments were applied in order to evaluate the simple and choice reaction times, while the electrical response of the retina was obtained via electroretinography. The results obtained from the visual perception experiments and the retinal evaluation were correlated with the following variables: central glucose; glycosylated hemoglobin and, age. The statistical analysis of the results shows a negative correlation between glucose and the times for retinal response (ta = - 0.2109 p = 0.2548, tb = - 0.2646 p = 0.1503). A significant correlation between the simple reaction times and the retinal response times was identified (ta = 0.3141 p = 0.0800, tb = 0.2981 p = 0.0975). While no relationship between the performance index and the retinal response was found. The results indicate that the visual system plays a fundamental role in the simple reaction process and this does not influence the decision-making process.

糖尿病会使中枢神经系统恶化，从而降低运动能力，智力速度和效率。另外，糖尿病会影响视觉系统，尤其是视网膜。即使这两个系统与诸如逃避对象之类的简单任务有直接关系，也要分别评估它们。由于这些原因，本研究的主要目的是研究视网膜反应与患者认知能力之间的关系。

本文介绍了对34例诊断为无糖尿病性视网膜病变的2型糖尿病患者进行实验测试的结果。为了评估简单和选择的反应时间，应用了两个视觉感知实验，而视网膜的电响应是通过视网膜电图获得的。从视觉感知实验和视网膜评估获得的结果与以下变量相关：中央葡萄糖；糖化血红蛋白和年龄。结果的统计分析显示，葡萄糖与视网膜反应时间之间呈负相关（ta = -0.2109 p = 0.2548，tb = -0.2646 p =0.1503）。确认了简单反应时间与视网膜反应时间之间的显着相关性（ta = 0.3141 p = 0.0800，tb = 0.2981 p = 0.0975）。虽然没有发现性能指标和视网膜反应之间的关系。Ť他结果表明，该视觉系统在简单的反应过程中起重要作用，这并不影响决策过程。