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Fresh or formulated: A preliminary evaluation of fresh blue mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis) and formulated experimental feeds with inclusion of fresh blue mussel on the growth performance of hatchery-reared juvenile slipper lobster (Thenus australiensis)
Aquaculture ( IF 4.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2020.735924
Michael J. Landman , Basseer M. Codabaccus , Quinn P. Fitzgibbon , Gregory G. Smith , Chris G. Carter

Abstract Following recent advances in hatchery technology and large-scale larval rearing of spiny and slipper lobsters, a greater understanding of key nutritional requirements is now imperative to facilitate feed development for juvenile culture. However, there is a lack of relevant information available for the slipper lobsters, particularly Thenus species. This study sought to evaluate the potential requirements for and effects of a fresh ingredient component in a formulated feed on the growth performance of hatchery-reared juvenile Thenus australiensis. This was assessed using six formulated experimental feeds incorporating fresh blue mussel flesh (BM; Mytilus galloprovincialis) in a geometric series (0, 1.6, 3.1, 6.3, 12.5 and 25.0% dry matter) administered continuously over 9 weeks. An additional dietary treatment of blue mussel half shells (BMHS) was included as a reference feed to establish a benchmark of growth potential. Survival and moult frequency were unaffected by feed treatment. Lobsters fed BMHS displayed a clustered or synchronised moulting pattern with two major moulting events lasting several days each during the experiment. In contrast, lobsters provided experimental feeds moulted continuously throughout the experiment. The BMHS produced approximately 2-fold greater growth compared to experimental feeds, while BM incorporated into experimental feeds had no beneficial effect on growth at any inclusion level. Growth mirrored feed intake where it was also found that feed intake on a dry matter basis was approximately 2-fold higher for BMHS compared to experimental feeds, while biological feed conversion ratios were similar for all feeds. Thus, dry matter intake appeared to be primarily responsible for the difference in growth rates achieved. Bulk chemical analysis revealed that BMHS-fed lobsters had significantly lower ash content coupled with higher gross energy, total lipid and polar lipid contents on a proportional basis compared to lobsters fed formulated experimental feeds. Lobster haemolymph Brix values were also significantly higher in the BMHS treatment lobsters. Higher Brix coupled with decreasing feed intake suggests these lobsters were on average at a more advanced stage within the moult cycle and offers a possible explanation for differences in body chemistry. In conclusion, while growth rates were lower in animals fed formulated feeds compared to benchmark growth performance, overall survival, moulting and growth performance revealed the potential of the basal experimental feed formulation as a reference for future nutrition research with this species without a requirement for inclusion of fresh BM. The research highlights that significant opportunities exist to improve slipper lobster growth performance through maximising feed intake.

中文翻译:

新鲜或配方:对新鲜蓝贻贝 (Mytilus galloprovincialis) 和含有新鲜蓝贻贝的配方实验饲料对孵化场养殖的幼龙虾(Thenus australiensis)生长性能的初步评估

摘要 随着孵化场技术的最新进展以及多刺龙虾和滑龙虾的大规模幼体养殖,现在必须更深入地了解关键营养需求,以促进幼体养殖的饲料开发。然而,缺乏有关拖鞋龙虾的相关信息,尤其是 Theus 物种。本研究旨在评估配合饲料中的新鲜成分成分对孵化场饲养的澳大利亚天牛幼鱼生长性能的潜在需求和影响。这是使用六种配方的实验饲料进行评估的,这些饲料以几何系列(0、1.6、3.1、6.3、12.5 和 25.0% 干物质)加入了新鲜蓝贻贝肉(BM;Mytilus galloprovincialis),连续给药 9 周。将蓝贻贝半壳 (BMHS) 的额外日粮处理作为参考饲料,以建立生长潜力的基准。存活率和换羽频率不受饲料处理的影响。喂食 BMHS 的龙虾表现出成簇或同步的蜕皮模式,在实验期间有两个主要的蜕皮事件,每个事件持续数天。相比之下,龙虾提供了在整个实验过程中不断蜕皮的实验饲料。与实验饲料相比,BMHS 产生了大约 2 倍的增长,而掺入实验饲料中的 BM 对任何添加水平的生长都没有有益的影响。生长反映了采食量,其中还发现,与实验饲料相比,BMHS 的干物质采食量大约高 2 倍,而所有饲料的生物饲料转化率相似。因此,干物质摄入似乎是造成增长率差异的主要原因。散装化学分析显示,与饲喂配制实验饲料的龙虾相比,饲喂 BMHS 的龙虾的灰分含量显着降低,同时总能量、总脂质和极性脂质含量按比例增加。在 BMHS 处理的龙虾中,龙虾血淋巴白利糖度值也显着更高。较高的白利糖度加上减少的采食量表明这些龙虾在换羽周期中平均处于更高级的阶段,并为身体化学差异提供了可能的解释。总之,虽然与基准生长性能相比,饲喂配合饲料的动物的生长率较低,但总体存活率 换羽和生长性能揭示了基础实验饲料配方作为该物种未来营养研究参考的潜力,而无需添加新鲜 BM。该研究强调,通过最大限度地提高采食量,存在改善龙虾生长性能的重要机会。
更新日期:2021-01-01
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