Numerous biologically active acids can be transformed into an ionic form in a facile way and combined with appropriate quaternary ammonium cation to improve their application properties or biological activity. This study describes the synthesis of new quaternary ammonium salts with anions of gibberellic acid, a common plant growth regulator from the gibberellin group, or l-tryptophan, an important precursor of auxin biosynthesis. The surface-active tetrapentylammonium ion and natural substances such as acetylcholine, choline, and quinine were the sources of cations. Novel salts of gibberellic acid and l-tryptophan were obtained with high yields exceeding 97% as a result of the metathesis reaction or the neutralization of quaternary ammonium hydroxides. Phase transition temperatures, thermal and chemical stability, and solubility in solvents with different polarities were determined for all obtained salts. On the basis of studies regarding the influence of synthesized salts on the post-harvest longevity and quality of leaves of Convallaria majalis, it was established that the biological activity of the natural plant regulators in most cases was maintained. Therefore, it can be concluded that the conversion of the active substance into the form of a quaternary ammonium salt results in obtaining novel forms of plant growth regulators with favourable physicochemical properties while maintaining the efficacy of the biological active ingredients.

Graphic abstract

中文翻译：

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赤霉素或色氨酸甲酸酯阴离子生物基季铵盐的合成与表征

可以将多种生物活性酸以简便的方式转化为离子形式，并与适当的季铵阳离子混合以提高其应用性能或生物活性。这项研究描述的新季铵盐与赤霉酸，从赤霉素组共同的植物生长调节剂，或阴离子的合成升色氨酸，生长素的生物合成的一种重要前体。表面活性四戊基铵离子和天然物质（例如乙酰胆碱，胆碱和奎宁）是阳离子的来源。赤霉素和l的新型盐由于易位反应或氢氧化季铵的中和，以高产率获得了超过97％的β-色氨酸。对于所有获得的盐，确定相变温度，热和化学稳定性以及在具有不同极性的溶剂中的溶解度。在研究合成盐对铃兰收获后寿命和叶片质量的影响的基础上据证实，在大多数情况下，天然植物调节剂的生物活性得以维持。因此，可以得出结论，将活性物质转化为季铵盐的形式导致获得具有良好的理化性质的新型植物生长调节剂，同时保持了生物活性成分的功效。

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