Current-fed isolated bidirectional DC–DC converters (CF-IBDCs) play an important role in battery energy storage systems. However, the closed-loop dynamics is rather slow with conventional proportional–integral controllers because a precise mathematic model remains absent for optimization. In this paper, a simple precise mathematical model is presented to describe the large and small-signal behaviors of the CF-IBDC. The full-order continuous model can accurately capture the dynamic behaviors and cover all operation conditions. The small-signal model is derived, and the DC filter inductors and clamp capacitors are found to be the natural causes of instability. Based on this finding, special controllers are proposed to optimize the dynamic response of the full closed-loop control system. The dynamic response time of the CF-IBDC is greatly reduced with the proposed controller. The correctness of the presented model and the dynamic response of the optimized closed-loop control system are verified by simulations.

中文翻译：

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电流馈电隔离式双向 DC-DC 转换器的建模和控制器优化

电流馈电隔离式双向 DC-DC 转换器 (CF-IBDC) 在电池储能系统中发挥着重要作用。然而，传统的比例积分控制器的闭环动力学相当缓慢，因为仍然缺乏精确的数学模型进行优化。在本文中，提出了一个简单精确的数学模型来描述 CF-IBDC 的大信号和小信号行为。全阶连续模型可以准确捕捉动态行为并覆盖所有操作条件。推导出小信号模型，发现直流滤波电感和钳位电容是不稳定的自然原因。基于这一发现，提出了专门的控制器来优化全闭环控制系统的动态响应。CF-IBDC 的动态响应时间大大减少与建议的控制器。通过仿真验证了所提出模型的正确性和优化后的闭环控制系统的动态响应。