This paper reports the comparison of cold and hot forged EN8 flats for spring back effect, surface hardness and microstructural features as a case study of an industrial component ‘U-Fork’ (a subpart of tractor’s three-point hitch’s lift rod). The industrial component/benchmark has been selected as a common agricultural automobile component used under cyclic loading conditions. For this comparative study, surface hardness and surface roughness (Ra) of the material have been analyzed by using micro-Vickers hardness and 3D rendered images, Ra profiles, amplitude distribution function, respectively, whereas microstructure and its features (grain size number, average grain diameter, porosity, etc.) have been characterized using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope. The result of the case study reveals that hot forging has increased the dimensional accuracy by 11.15%, overcoming the spring back effect. Also, a significant reduction in porosity (54.28%) and increment in surface hardness (15.66%) are observed for hot forged EN8 flats in comparison to cold forged components.

本文以工业部件“ U型叉”（拖拉机三点悬挂装置的提升杆的一部分）为例，报告了冷锻和热锻EN8平板在回弹效果，表面硬度和微观结构特征方面的比较。已选择工业组件/基准作为在循环负载条件下使用的常见农用汽车组件。在本对比研究中，分别使用显微维氏硬度和3D渲染图像，Ra轮廓，振幅分布函数对材料的表面硬度和表面粗糙度（Ra）进行了分析，而微观结构及其特征（晶粒尺寸数，平均值晶粒直径，孔隙率等）已使用能量色散X射线光谱法和扫描电子显微镜表征。案例研究的结果表明，热锻件克服了回弹效应，使尺寸精度提高了11.15％。此外，与冷锻件相比，热锻EN8板材的孔隙率显着降低（54.28％）和表面硬度增加（15.66％）。