The delivery of medical agents to a specific diseased tissue or cell is critical for diagnosing and treating patients. Nanomaterials are promising vehicles to transport agents that include drugs, contrast agents, immunotherapies and gene editors. They can be engineered to have different physical and chemical properties that influence their interactions with their biological environments and delivery destinations. In this Review Article, we discuss nanoparticle delivery systems and how the biology of disease should inform their design. We propose developing a framework for building optimal delivery systems that uses nanoparticle–biological interaction data and computational analyses to guide future nanomaterial designs and delivery strategies.

将药物输送到特定的患病组织或细胞对于诊断和治疗患者至关重要。纳米材料是有希望的运输媒介的媒介，包括药物，造影剂，免疫疗法和基因编辑器。可以对它们进行设计，使其具有不同的物理和化学特性，从而影响它们与其生物学环境和递送目的地的相互作用。在这篇综述文章中，我们讨论了纳米颗粒递送系统以及疾病生物学应如何为其设计提供信息。我们建议开发一个框架，以构建使用纳米粒子-生物相互作用数据和计算分析来指导未来纳米材料设计和传输策略的最佳传输系统。